اثر پونه کوهی، شوید و الیگوساکارید مانان بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه و فراسنجه‌های خونی و بیوشیمیایی سرم جوجه‌های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام

2 استادیار گروه علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام

چکیده

به منظور مقایسه اثرات پونه کوهی، شوید و پری‌بیوتیک مانان بر عملکرد، صفات لاشه و فراسنجه‌های هماتولوژی و بیوشیمی خونی از 200 قطعه جوجه یکروزه استفاده شد. جوجه‌ها به 20 گروه 10 قطعه‌ای تقسیم شدند و هر 4 گروه برای یک تیمار در نظر گرفته شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل جیره پایه بدون ماده افزودنی (جیره کنترل) و یا جیره پایه حاوی 1 درصد پونه، 1 درصد شوید، مخلوط 5/0 درصد پونه + 5/0 درصد شوید و یا سطح تجاری پر‌ی‌بیوتیک مانان بودند. برای اندازه‌گیری فراسنجه‌های سلولی (تعداد گلبول‌های قرمز و سفید، هماتوکریت و هموگلوبین) و شیمیایی (پروتئین، تری‌گلیسرید، کلسترول تام، HDL-C و LDL-C) خون در 42 روزگی، نمونه‌های خون از 2 پرنده از هر تکرار گرفته شد. افزایش وزن و خوراک مصرفی اندازه‌گیری شد و در آخر دوره، 2 پرنده از هر تکرار برای تعیین صفات لاشه کشتار شدند. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل کل دوره در تیمار مخلوط پونه و شوید (به ترتیب g 9/2150 و 77/1) و پری‌بیوتیک (به ترتیب g 3/2169 و 77/1) بهتر از تیمار شاهد (به ترتیب g 6/1922 و 94/1) بود (05/0>‌P). میزان تری‌گلیسرید و کلسترول سرم در تیمار پونه (به ترتیب mg/dL 62/78 و 6/106)، مخلوط پونه و شوید (به ترتیب mg/dL 75/72 و 1/104) و پری‌بیوتیک (به ترتیب mg/dL 37/80 و 5/105) کمتر از شاهد بود (05/0>P). این مطالعه نشان داد که افزودن مخلوط پونه و شوید به جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی سبب بهبود عملکرد و کاهش لیپیدهای سرم شود و از این نظر قابل مقایسه با پری‌بیوتیک بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Mentha mozaffarianii Jamzad, dill and mannan-oligosaccharide on performance, carcass characteristics and blood hematological and biochemical parameters of broiler chickens

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sh. Asadi Firoozabadi 1
  • K. Taherpour 2
1 MSc student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam university, Ilam, Iran
2 Assistant professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam university, Ilam, Iran
چکیده [English]

A total of 200 one-day-old broiler chicks were used to compare the effects of MenthamozaffarianiiJamzad , dill (Anethum graveolens) and prebiotic (mannan-oligosaccharide) on performance, slaughter traits and blood hematological and biochemical parameters. The broilers were divided into 20 groups of 10 chicks and four groups were assigned to each treatment. The experimental treatments consisted of basal diet with no additives (control diet) and basal diet containing 1 % oregano, 1 % dill, mixture of 0.5 % oregano and 0.5 % dill or commercial level of prebiotic. At 42 days, blood samples were taken from 2 birds per replicate to measure blood cell parameters (red and white blood cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin) and chemical parameters (protein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C). Body weight gain and feed intake were measured and two birds per replicate were slaughtered for determination of carcass traits at the end of trial. The results showed that body weight gain and feed conversion of treatments mixture of oregano and dill (2150.9 g and 1.77, respectively) and prebiotic (2169.3 g and 1.77, respectively) was better than control treatment (1922.6 g and 1.96, respectively) during the whole experimental period (P<0.05). Serum triglycerides and cholesterol levels in treatments oregano (78.62 and 106.6 mg/dL, respectively), mixture of oregano and dill (72.75 and 104.1 mg/dL, respectively) and prebiotic (80.37 and 105.5 mg/dL, respectively) were lower compared with control treatment (P<0.05). This study showed that the inclusion of mixture of oregano and dill to the broiler diet improve broiler’s performance and decrease serum lipids, which were comparative to the prebiotic supplementation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • blood parameters
  • Prebiotic
  • Oregano
  • Broiler
  • Dill
  • Performance

مراجع

حیدری ع.، نوبخت ع. و صفامهر ع. 1389. ارزیابی اثرات گیاهان دارویی گزنه، پونه و کاکوتی و مخلوط‌های آنها بر فراسنجه‌های بیوشیمیایی و ایمنی خون جوجه‌های گوشتی. چهارمین کنگره علوم دامی ایران، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران(کرج)، 214.
مدنی ح.، احمدی محمودآبادی ن. و وحدتی ا. 1384. بررسی اثر عصاره هیدروالکلی شوید در کاهش گلوکز و چربی‌ها در رت‌های دیابتی شده. دیابت و لیپید ایران. 5: 109-116.
یوسفی کلاریکلائی ک.، محیطی اصلی م.، حسینی س. ع. و یوسفی کلاریکلائی ح. 1391. اثرات آنتی بیوتیک، پروبیوتیک، پری بیوتیک و مولتی آنزیم در جیره‌های پلت شده بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی. تحقیقات تولیدات دامی. 4: 63-72.
Abdel-Wareth A. A. A., Kehraus S., Hippenstiel F. and Südekum K. H. 2012. Effects of thyme and oregano on growth performance of broilers from 4 to 42 days of age and on microbial counts in crop, small intestine and caecum of 42-day-old broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 178: 198-202.
Al-kassie G. A. M. and Al-Jumeel Y. M. F. 2008. Effect of probiotic (Aspergillus niger) and prebiotic (Taraxacum officinale) on blood picture and biochemical properties of broiler chicks. Journal of Poultry Science, 7: 1182-1184.
Alp M., Midilli M., Kocabağlı N., Yılmaz H., Turan N., Gargılı A. and Acar N. 2012. The effects of dietary oregano essential oil on live performance, carcass yield, serum immunoglobulin G level, and oocyst count in broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 21: 630-636.
Aviagen. 2002. Ross Broiler Management Manual. Aviagen Ltd., Newbridge, Scotland.
Bassett R. 2000. Oreganos positive impact on poultry production. World Poultry, 16: 31–34.
Castanon J. I. R. 2007. History of the use of antibiotic as growth promoters in European poultry feeds. Poultry Science, 86: 2466–2471.
Dávila S. G., Campo J. L., Gil M. G., Prieto M. T. and Torres O. 2011. Effects of auditory and physical enrichment on 3 measurements of fear and stress (tonic immobility duration, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, and fluctuating asymmetry) in several breeds of layer chicks. Poultry Science, 90: 2459–2466.
Delaquis K., Pascal Y., stanich B. and Girard G. M. 2002. Antimicrobial activity of individual and mixed fractions of dill, cilantro, coriander and eucalyptus essential oils. Food Microbiology, 74: 101-109.
Ferket P. R. 2004. Alternatives to antibiotics in poultry production: Responses, practical experience and recommendations. In: Proceedings of Alltech’s 20th Annual Symposium on Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industries, Kentucky, USA, pp. 56-57.
Florou-Paneri P., Giannenas I., Christaki E., Govaris A. and Botsoglou N. 2006. Performance of chickens and oxidative stability of the produced meat as affected by feed supplementation with oregano, vitamin C, vitamin E and their combinations. Archiv für Geflügelkunde (European Poultry Science), 70: 223–240.
Fukushima M., Nakano M. 1996. Effects of a mixture of organisms, Lactobacillus acidophilus or Streptococcus faecalis on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed on a fat- and cholesterol- enriched diet. British Journal of Nutrition, 76: 857- 867.
Hajhashemi V. and Abbasi N. 2008. Hypolipidemic activity of Anethum graveolens in rats. Phytotherapy Research, 22: 372-375.
Hashemi S. R. and Davoodi H. 2011. Herbal plants and their derivatives as growth and health promoters in animal nutrition. Veterinary Research Communications, 35: 169-180.
Houshmand M., Azhar K., Zulkifli I., Bejo M. H., Meimandipour A. and Kamyab A. 2011. Effects of non-antibiotic feed additives on performance, tibial dyschondroplasia incidence and tibia characteristics of broilers fed low-calcium diets. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 95: 351-358.
Ibrahim S. A. M. 2005. Effect of some medicinal plants as feed additives on growth and some metabolic changes in rabbits. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds, 8: 207-219.
Jeet Kaur G. and Singh Arora D. 2010. Bioactive potential of Anethum graveolens, Foeniculum vulgare and Trachyspermum ammi belonging to the family umbelliferae- current status. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4: 087-094.
Kalavathy R., Abdullah N., Jalaludin S. and Yw H. 2003. Effect of lactobacillus cultures on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipid and weight of organs of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 44: 139-144.
Kececi O., Oguz H., Kurtoglu V. and Demet O. 1998. Effects of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, synthetic zeolite and bentonite on serum biochemical and haematological characters of broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis. British Poultry Science, 39: 452–458.
Khodambashi Emami N., Samie A., Rahmani H. R. and Ruiz-Feria C. A. 2012. The effect of peppermint essential oil and fructooligosaccharides, as alternatives to virginiamycin, on growth performance, digestibility, gut morphology and immune response of male broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 175: 57–64.
Kirkpinar F., Bora Ünlü H., Özdemir G. and Baaliouamer A. 2011. Effects of oregano and garlic essential oils on performance, carcase, organ and blood characteristics and intestinal microflora of broilers. Livestock Science, 137: 219-225.
Lee K. W., Everts H., Kappert H. J., Frehner M., Losa R. and Beynen A. C. 2003. Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 44: 450–457.
Li X. J., Piao X. S., Kim S. W., Liu P., Wang L., Shen Y. B., Jung S. C. and Lee H. S. 2007. Effects of chito-oligosaccharide supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility and serum composition in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 86: 1107–1114.
Lucas A. M. and Jamroz C. 1961. Atlas of avian hematology. Agriculture Monograph 25. USDA, Washington, DC.
Monsefi M., Ghasemi M. and Bahaoddini A. 2006. The effects of Anethumgraveolens L. on female reproductive system. Phytotherapy Research, 20: 865-868.
Ooi L. G. and Liong M. T. 2010. Cholesterol-lowering effects of probiotics and prebiotics: a review of in vivo and in vitro findings. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 11: 2499-2522.
Patterson J. A. and Burkholder K. M. 2003. Prebiotic feed additives: Rationale and use in pigs, In: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology in Pigs, Canada, University of Alberta, pp. 319-331.
Rodriguez T. A., Sartor C., Higgins S. E., Wolfenden A. D., Bielke L. R., Pixley C. M., Sutton L., Tellez G. and Hargis B. M. 2005. Effect of Aspergillus meal prebiotic (Fermacto) on performance of broiler chickens in the starter phase and fed low protein diets. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 14: 665-669.
Ruju M. V. L. N. and Devegowda G. 2002. Esterified-Gluco-mannan in broiler chicken diets-contaminated with aflatoxin ochratoxin and T-2 toxin: Evaluation of its binding ability (in vitro) and efficacy as immunomodulator. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 15: 1051-1056.
Sadi Cetingul I., Bayram I., Burhaneddin Akkaya A., Uyarlar C., Yardimici M., Hesna Sahin E. and Sengor E. 2007. Utilisation of oregano (Origanum vulgaris) in laying quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) (2): The effects of oregano on performance, carcass yield, liver and some blood parameters. Archiva Zootechnica, 10: 52-59.
Santoso U., Tanaka K. and Ohtani S. 1995. Effect of dried Bacillus subtilis culture on growth, body composition and hepatic lipogenic enzyme activity in female broiler chicks. British Journal of Nutrition, 74: 523-529.
Sarikhan M., Shahriyar H. A., Nazer-Adl K., Gholizadeh B. and Beheshti B. 2009. Effects of insoluble fiber on serum biochemical characteristics in broiler. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 11: 73–76.
SAS Institute. 2001. SAS User’s Guide: Statistics. Version 8.SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina.
Shim K. S., Park G. H., Choi C. J. and Na C. S. 2004. Decreased triglyceride and cholesterol levels in serum, liver and breast muscle in broiler by the supplementation of dietary Codonopsis lanceolata root. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 17: 511-513.
Shyu Y. S., Lin J. T., Chang Y. T., Chiang C. J. and Yang D. J. 2009. Evaluation of antioxidant ability of ethanolic extract from dill (Anethum raveolens L.) flower. Food Chemistry, 115: 515–521.
Spring P., Wenk C., Dawson K. A. and Newman K. E. 2000. The effects of dietary mannanoligosaccharides on cecal parameters and the concentrations of enteric bacteria in the ceca of salmonella-challenged broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 79: 205–211.
Yang Y., Iji P. A., Kocher A., Mikkelsen L. L. and Choct M. 2008. Effects of mannanoligosaccharide and fructooligosaccharide on the response of broilers to pathogenic Escherichia coli challenge. British Poultry Science, 49: 550–559.
Yusrizal Y. and Chen T. C. 2003. Effects of adding chicory fructans in feed on broiler growth performance, serum cholesterol and intestinal length. International Journal of Poultry Science, 2: 214-219.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار