Assessing effect of climate conditions on nutritive value, gas production and degradability parameters of cultivated alfalfa in two regions of mountainous and low land at different growth levels

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Former MSc. Student of Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Ganbad Kavous Universty, Gonbad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Iran

Abstract

A study was conducted in order to compare the nutritive value, fermentation and degradability parameters of mountainous and plain alfalfa areas at different growth stages (before flowering, flowering and after flowering) at secondary harvest in four experiments.Alfalfa samples were randomly taken from a second species of the mountainous region (Mountain alfalfa meadows of Barfchal in Minoodasht) and plain (alfalfa plain around the Gonbad Kavous) collected and then transferred to the laboratory. The samples were dried for 48 h at 65°C and with a two-millimeter sieve were milled. Results showed that mountainous alfalfa compared with mountainous alfalfa had higher ether extract, organic matter and crude protein. Extent and rate of gas production were highest at before flowering stage in both mountainous and plain Alfalfa (P<0.05). Mountainous alfalfa at flowering stage and plain alfalfa at after flowering stage had highest and lowest quickly degradable fraction of dry matter (P<0.05). Results from this experiment showed crude protein and ether extract were higher and ash, ADF and NDF were lower in mountainous alfalfa ‌than plain alfalfa. Generally, it was concluded that climatic conditions could be improved positively nutritive value of mountainous alfalfa compared with plain alfalfa.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

میرلوحی ا.، بزرگوار ن. و بصیری م. 1379. اثر مقادیر مختلف کود ازته بر رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت سیلویی سه هیبرید سورگوم علوفه‌ای. علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، 4(2): 116-105.
Abarsaji G. H., Shahi G. H. and Passandi M. 2008. Forage quality of Hedysarum coronarium at phenological stages. Journal of Research and Development, 78: 51-55.
American Society of Agronomy. 1983. Multiple cropping ASA. Special Publication, No. 27.
AOAC. 2005. Official Methods Of Analysis. Vol. 1. No. 1.18th ed. Association of Official Analytical chemists Washington, D.C.
Blummel  M.,  Makkar  H. P. S. and  Becker K. 1997. In vitro gas production: a technique revisited. Journal of Animal and Physiology and Animal Nutrition,77: 24-34.
Brito F., Tremblay G. F., Bertrand A., Castonguay Y., Belanger G., Michaud R., Lapierre H., Benchaar C., Petit H. V., Ouellet D. R. and Berthiaume R. 2008. Alfalfa cut at sundown and harvested as baleage improves milk yield of late-lactation dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 91: 3968–3982.
Broderik G. A. and Kang J. H. 1980. Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media. Journal of Dairy Science, 63: 64-75.
Burns J. C., Fisher D. S. and Mayland H. F. 2007. Diurnal shifts in nutritive value of alfalfa harvested as hay andevaluated by animal intake and digestion. Crop Science, 47: 2190-2197.
Cash D. and Howard F. 1993. Alfalfa Hay Quality Testing. Plant and soil science Department. Msu. Bozeman MT 59717.
Cogswell C. and Kamestra L. D. 1976. The stage of maturity and its effect on the chemical composition of four native range species. Journal of Range Manage, 29: 460-463.
Elizade J. C., Merchen N. R. and Faulkner O. B. 1999. In situ dry matter and crude protein degradation of fresh forages during the spring growth. Journal of Dairy Science, 82: 1978-1990.
Getachew G., Blmmel M., Makkar H. P. S. and Becker K. 1998. In vitro gas measuring techniques for assessment of nutritional quality of feeds: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 72: 261–281.
Getachew G., Depiters E. J. and Robinson P. H. 2004. In vitro gas production provides effective method for assessing ruminant feeds. California Agriculture, 58(1): 54-58.
Ghanbari A. 2007. Study of nutrients and changes in energy metabolism and the dominant plants in three stages. M.Sc. Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, 102 pp.
Grifin T. S., Cassida K. A. and Hesterman S. R. 1994. Alfalfa maturity and cultivar effects on chemical and in situ estimates of protein degradability. Journal of Crop Science, 34: 1654-1661.
Gurbuz Y. 2007. Determination of nutritive value of leaves of several vitis vinifera varieties as a source of alternative feedstuff for sheep using in vitro and in situ measurements. Small Ruminant Research, 71: 59-66.
Hedge J. E. and Hofreiter B. T. 1962. In: CarbohydrateChemistry 17 (Eds Whistle RL and Be Miller, JN) AcadmicPress, New York. 46: 3590–3595.
Heristov A. N. 1998. Nitrogen fraction and In sacco drymatter and crude protein degradability of fresh and frozen alfalfa. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 71: 351-355.
Hoffman P. C., Sievert S. J., Shaver R. D., Welch, D. A. and Combs, D. K. 1993. In situ dry matter, protein and fiber degradation of perennial forages. Journal of Dairy Science, 76: 2632-2642.
Hoy M., Kenneth D., George R. and Brummer E. 2002. Alfalfa yield and quality as influenced by establishment method. Agronomy Journal, 94: 65-71.
Kamalak A., Canbolat O., Gurbuz Y., Erol A. and Ozay O. 2005. Effect of maturity stage on the chemical composition, in vitro and in situ degradation of tumbleweed hay (Gundelia tuonefortii L.). Small Ruminant Research, 58: 149–156.
Karnstra L. D. 1983. Seasonal change in quality of some important range grasses. Journal of Range Management, 26: 286-291.
Keyserlingk von M. A. G., Swift M. L., Puchala R. and Shelford J. A. 1997. Degradability characteristics of dry matter and crude protein of forages in ruminants. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology, 57: 291- 311.
Madsen J. and Hvelpund T. 1994. Prediction of In situ protein digestibility in the rumen-results of a European ringtest. Liveststock Production Science, 39: 201-212.
Makkar H. S. P. 2004. Recent advances in the in vitro gas method for evaluation of nutritional quality of feed resources. Assessing quality and safety of animal feeds. FAO, 160:55-86.
Makkar H. P. S. 2005. In vitro gas methods for evaluation of feeds containing phytochemicals. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 123: 291-302.
Malick C. P. and Singh M. B. 1980. In plant enzymology and histo enzymologhy, Kalyani Publishers, New Dehli.
Menke K. H. and Staingass H. 1988. Estimation of energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research Development, 28: 7-55.
Oberhuber W. and Kofler W. 2000. Topographic influences on radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) at small spatial scales. Plant Ecology, 146: 231-240.
Olivera R. M. P. 1998. Use of in vitro gas production technique to assess the contribution of both soluble and insoluble fraction on the nutritive value of forages. A thesis to the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, in partial fulfillment of the degree of Master of Science in animal nutrition.
Randy G. and Kaol G. L. 2000. Minimizing hay losses and waste. North Dakota state University.
Sommart K., Parker D. S., Rowlinson P. and Wanapat M. 2000. Fermentation characteristics and microbial protein synthesis in an in vitro system using cassava, rice straw and dried ruzi grass as substrates. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 13: 1084-1093.
Tefera S. 2008. Chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation of common tree forages in the semi- arid rangelands of Swaziland. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 142: 99-110.
Theodorou M. K., Williams B. A., Dhanoa M. S., McAllan A. B. and France J. 1994. A simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 48: 185-197.
Van Soest P. J., Robertson J. B. and Lewis B. A. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch carbohydrates in relation to animal nutrition, Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583-3597.
Van Soest P. J. 1994. Nutritional  Ecology  of  the Ruminant. third  ed. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Yari M., Valizadeh R., Naserian A. A., Ghorbani G. R., Rezvani Moghadam P., Jonker A. and Yu P. 2012. Botanical traits, protein and carbohydrate fractions, ruminal degradability and energy contents of alfalfa hay harvested at three stages of maturity and in the afternoon and morning. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 172: 162-170.
Animal Production Research
Volume 7, Issue 1
June 2018
Pages 1-11

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics