Effect of different ideal amino acid ratios on immune response, blood profile and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks during finisher period

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3 Associatet Professor, Department of Animal Science, Varamin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to determine effect of different ideal amino acid ratios on immune response, blood profile and carcass characteristics of male and female broiler chicks during finisher period (29-42 days). A total of 840 male and female broiler chicks were equally distributed to 14 dietary treatments with four pens per treatment and 15 birds per pen in a factorial arrangement 2×7 in a completely randomized design. Treatments were included different patterns of amino acid ratios and recommendations of Arian broiler (IICP, CVB, Feedstuff, NRC, ROSS, RPAN and Arian) and sex (male and female). In 35 days, injections of antigen were performed in 2 chicks from each pens and antibody titers were determined in 42 days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken from two chickens each pen and then were slaughtered, the values of total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, and the weight of the thymus, spleen and bursa of Fabricius and carcass components were measured. NRC (2.199) and RPAN (2.172) produced the highest antibody titer (P<0.05). The effect of different ideal amino acids ratios on the amount of uric acid (8.542) and urea nitrogen (1.850) ideal was significant (P<0.05). The relative weight of carcasses was observed in NRC (71.867%), Arian (71.804%), ROSS (70.824%) and RPAN (71.091%). When comparisons were made among immune response, blood factors and carcass characteristics, the most significant improvements were observed by RPAN ratios in this period.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Alemi A., Mahdavi M., Shivazad M., Zaghari H., Moravej A., Hosseini J., Mirabdolbaghi A. and Lotfolahiyan H. 2010. Digestible lysine requirement of male and female broiler chicks WPSA (UK Branch) Annual Meeting 13th-14th April. Queen’s University Belfast, UK.
Araujo L. F., Junqueira O. M., Araujo C. S., Faria, D. E. and Andreotti M. O. 2004. Different criteria of feed formulation for broilers aged 43 to 49 days. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 6: 61-64.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1995. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.
Baker D. H. 1994. Ideal amino acid profile for maximal protein accretion and minimal nitrogen excretion in swine and poultry. Proceedings Cornell Nutrition Conference, 56th Meeting, 18-20. October, Rochester, New York, USA. 134-139.
CVB (Central Bureau for Livestock Feeding). 2001. Veevoedertabel (Livestock Feed Table). Central Bureau for Livestock Feeding (CVB), Lelystad, The Netherlands.
D, Mello, J. P. F. 1994. Amino acids in farm animal nutrition. 37-98, 188-245.
Donsbough, A. L., Powell, S., Waguespack, A., Bidner, T. D. and Southern, L. L. 2010. Uric acid, urea, and ammonia concentrations in serum and uric acid concentration in excreta as indicators of amino acid utilization in diets for broilers. Poultry Science, 89: 287-294.
Feedstuff Reference Issue & Lesson Guide. 2008. Feedstuff Ingredient Analysis Table.
Fernandes J. I. M., Murakami A. E., Martins E. N., Sakamoto M. I. and Garcia E. R. M. 2009. Effect of arginine on the development of the pectoralis muscle and the diameter and the protein: deoxyribonucleic acid rate of its skeletal myofibers in broilers. Poultry Science, 88: 1399-1406.
Fontaine J., Hörr J. and Schirmer B. 2001. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy enables the fast and accurate prediction of the essential amino acid contents in soy, rapeseed meal, sunflower meal, peas, fishmeal, meat meal products, and poultry meal. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 49 (1): 57-66.
Fossati, P., Prencipe, L. and Berti, G. 1980. Use of 3,5-dichloro-2- hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid/4-aminophenazone chromogenic system in direct enzyme assay of uric acid in serum and urine. Clinical Chemistry, 26: 227-231.
Gong L. M., Lai C. H., Qiao S. Y., Defa L., Ma Y. M. and Liu Y. L. 2005. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical parameters of broilers fed low-protein diets supplemented with various ratios of threonine to lysine. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 18(8): 1164-1170.
Hickling D., Guenter W. and Jackson M. E. 1990. The Effect of dietary methionine and lysine and broiler chicken performance and breast meat yield. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 70: 673-678.
Hiller A., McIntosh D. F. and Van Slyke D. D. 1927. The excretion of albumin and globulin in nephritis. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 4: 235-242.
Hiramoto K. T., Muramatsu T. and Okumura J. 1990. Effect of methionine and lysine deficiencies on protein synthesis in the liver and oviduct and in the whole body of laying hens. Poultry Science, 69: 84-89.
Humphrey B. D., Stephensen C. B., Calvert C. C. and Klasing K. C. 2006. Lysine deficiency and feed restriction independently alter cationic amino acid transporter expression in chicken. Comparative biochemistry and physiology part A, 143: 218-227.
Klasing K. C. 2007. Nutrition and the immune system. Gordon memorial lecture. British Poultry Science, 48: 525-537.
Leclereq B. and Beaumont C. 2001. Effects of genetic potential on the lysine requirement and economic results of simulated broiler flocks. Animal Research, 50: 67-78.
Lotan R., Mokady S. and Horenstein L. 1980. The effect of lysine and threonine supplementation on the immune response of growing rats fed wheat gluten diets. Nutrition Reports International, 22: 313–318.
National Research Council. 1994. 9th ed., National Acad. Press, Washington, DC.
Pack M. and Schutte J. B. 1995. Sulfur amino acid requirement of broiler chicks from fourteen to thirty-eight days of age. 2. Economic evaluation. Poultry Science, 74: 488-493.
Rhone-Poulenc. 1993. Rhodimet TM nutrition guides. Rhone-Poulenc Animal Nutrition. Anatomy Cedex, France.
Ross Broiler Management Manual. 2007. Broiler Nutrition Speciation.
Rostango H.S., Pupa J.M.R. and Pack M. 1995. Diet formulation for broilers based versus digestible amino acids. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 4(3): 293-299.
Salehifar E., Shivazad M., Foroudi F., Chamani M. and Bahari Kashani R. 2012. Reevaluation of digestible amino acids requirements of male and female broilers based on different ideal amino acids ratios in finisher period. Annals of Biological Research, 3 (3): 1362-1368.
SAS Institute. 2005. SAS Users Guide. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
Takahashi K., Konashi S., Akiba Y. and Horiguchi M. 1993. Effects of marginal excess or deficiency of dietary methionine on antibody production in growing broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 64: 13-19.
Takahashi K., Konashi S., Akiba Y. and Horiguchi M. 1994. Effects of dietary threonine level on antibody production in growing broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 65: 956-960.
Toledo G. S. P., Lopez J. and Costa P. T. C. 2004. Yield and carcass composition of broilers fed with diets based on the concept of crude protein or ideal protein. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 6(4): 219-224.
Siagbe V. K., Cook M. E., Harper A. E. and Sunde M. L. 1987. Enhanced immune responses in broiler chick fed methionine supplemented diets. Poultry Science, 66: 1147-1154.
Wegmann T. G. and Smithies O. 1966. A simple hemagglutination system requiring small amounts of red cells and antibodies. Transfusion (Phila). 6: 67–73.
Young V. R. and Bier D. M. 1981. Stable isotopes in the study of human protein and amino acid metabolism and requirements. In nutritional factors: modeling effects on metabolic processes, eds: Beers, R.F. and E.G. Basset, Raven press, New York. 267-307.
Animal Production Research
Volume 6, Issue 2
September 2017
Pages 63-73

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics