تأثیر ماهیت متفاوت کربوهیدرات های غیرالیافی در جیره گاوهای هلشتاین بر خوراک مصرفی، بالانس انرژی، قابلیت هضم و الگوی مصرف خوراک در دوره انتقال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران

3 استاد گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران

4 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی اثر جایگزینی تفاله چغندر‌قند با دانه جو در جیره گاوهای هلشتاین بر توازن انرژی، خوراک مصرفی، قابلیت هضم و رفتار مصرف خوراک در دوره انتقال انجام شد. در این آزمایش  24 راس گاو هلشتاین چند بار زایش، طی 28 روز پیش از تاریخ زایش مورد انتظار تا 24 روز پس از زایش استفاده شدند. گاوها به­طور تصادفی به ‌سه تیمار آزمایشی اختصاص یافتند؛ تیمارهای آزمایشی در دوره پیش و پس از زایش به‌شرح زیر بودند: 1)100 درصد جو، 2)75 درصد جو + 25درصد تفاله چغندرقند و 3)50 درصد جو+50 درصد تفاله چغندرقند. خوراک مصرفی روزانه در پیش و پس از زایش در تیمار 25 درصد تفاله چغندرقند (64/13 و 22/17) نسبت به دو تیمار دیگر بالاتر بود (0001/0P<). در دوران پیش و پس از زایش، خوراک مصرفی بر اساس درصد وزن بدن به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای 50 (01/2 و 31/2) و 25 (81/1 و 60/2) درصد تفاله چغندرقند بالاترین بود (0001/0P<). قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی در پیش و پس از زایش در بین تیمارها تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. pH شکمبه‌ای در پس از زایش در تیمار بدون تفاله چغندرقند پایین‌ترین (77/5) بود (05/0P<). در دوره پیش از زایش، گاوها در جیره بدون تفاله چغندرقند، ذرات باقیمانده روی الک 19 میلی‌متر را بیشتر (74/102) و ذرات بزرگتر از 18/1 میلی‌متر را کمتر (90/97) انتخاب کرده بودند (به­ترتیب 05/0P< و 01/0P<). نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که جایگزینی 25 درصد تفاله چغندر‌قند با جو در جیره‌های دوره انتقال، می‌تواند با تاثیرگذاری بر خوراک مصرفی، سبب بهبود عملکرد دام و سلامت شکمبه‌ای شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of inclusion of neutral detergent soluble fiber sources in diets of Holstein cows on feed intake, energy balance, digestibility and feeding behavior during the transition period

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Shahmoradi 1
  • M. Alikhani 2
  • A. Riasi 2
  • G. R. Ghorbani 3
  • N. Naderi 4
1 Ph.D. student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
2 Associate professor in the Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
3 Professor in the Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
4 Graduated M. Sc. student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study examined the effect of replacing dietary beet pulp with (BP) with barley in the diet of lactating cows on energy balance, feed intake, digestibility and feeding behavior during the transition period. 24 multi-parity Holstein cows, within 28 d relative to parturition up to day 24 of lactation were tested. Cows were assigned randomly to three dietary treatments containing before and after calving, respectively, were as follows: 1) Control (100% barley), 2) 75% barley +25% BP, and 3) 50% barley + 50% BP. During the pre and postpartum period, daily feed intake and energy intake was highest in 25% BP treatment (P < 0.0001). Dry matter intake as percentage of BW was highest in 50 and 25% beet pulp (P < 0.0001) before and after calving, respectively. Apparent digestibility of nutrients were not significantly different between treatments before and after calving. In postpartum, ruminal pH was lowest in cows fed control diets (P > 0.05). Before calving, cows sorted in favor of large particles (>19.0 mm) (P < 0.05) and against of short particles (>1.18 mm) (P < 0.01) when fed diets without BP (Control). Our results indicate that replacing 25% barley with BP in diets of transition cows improved performance and rumen health.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Feed intake pattern
  • Beet pulp
  • Barley
  • transition period
  • digestibility
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