ارزیابی جیره های نشخوارکنندگان حاوی پَر هیدرولیز شده با هیدروکسید کلسیم جایگزین شده با کنجاله سویا در روش تولید گاز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، ملاثانی، خوزستان و دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه دام، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد تغذیه دام، بخش علوم دامی،دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز

3 استاد بخش علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز

4 استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، ملاثانی، خوزستان

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثر جایگزینی پروتین پَر ماکیان هیدرولیز شده در هیدروکسید کلسیم با کنجاله سویا در جیره نشخوارکنندگان با روش تولید گاز بود. تیمارهای آزمایشی عبارت بودند از: جیره 1 یا جیره کنترل (70 درصد کنسانتره و 30 درصد یونجه)، در جیره 2، پَر فرآوری نشده جایگزین کنجاله سویا شد و در جیره‏های 3، 4 و 5 پَر هیدرولیز شده با هیدروکسید کلسیم (در دمای 100 درجه سانتی­گراد و دور همزن 1400 بار در دقیقه) به­ترتیب به مدت 100 (تیمار 3) ، 200 (تیمار4 ) و 300 دقیقه (تیمار5 ) جایگزین کامل کنجاله سویا شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش زمان فرآوری از 100 به 300 دقیقه، درجه محلول شدن پَر از 8/50 به 7/90 درصد افزایش یافت. جیره­های دارای پَر هیدرولیز شده در هر سه زمان، گوارش‏پذیری شکمبه­ای بیشتری (2/72، 0/79 و 3/69 درصد) در مقایسه با جیره دارای پَر فرآوری نشده (2/55 درصد) داشتند، ولی این افزایش گوارش‏پذیری با زمان فرآوری رابطه مستقیم نداشت. تفاوت معنی‏داری در غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی بین تیمار کنترل (mg/100 mL 82/7) و تیمار دارای پَر فرآوری شده در 200 (mg/100 mL 64/7) دقیقه مشاهده نشد، ولی تیمار دارای پَر فرآوری نشده کاهش معنی‏داری (mg/100 mL 17/4) نسبت به تیمار کنترل نشان داد (05/0P<). ارزیابی میکروبیولوژیک نمونه­های پَر فرآوری شده نشان داد که شرایط هیدرولیز در کنترل کامل آلودگی میکروبی کارآمد بود. یافته‏ها نشان دادند که پَر فرآوری شده با هیدروکسید کلسیم به مدت200 دقیقه می­تواند جایگزین امیدبخشی برای بخشی از پروتئین در جیره نشخوارکنندگان باشد، هر چند نتیجه­گیری قطعی نیازمند انجام آزمایش‏های درون­تنی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of ruminant diets containing lime-hydrolyzed feather meal substituted with soybean meal using in vitro gas production technique

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Rajaee Rad 1
  • F. Ahmadi 2
  • M. J. Zamiri 3
  • M. Sari 4
1 Department of Animal Science, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Molasani, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Graduated Student, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 71441-65186, Shiraz, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 71441-65186, Shiraz, Iran
4 Assistant professor, Department of Animal Science, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Molasani, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was performed aimed at evaluating the effect of substitution of calcium hydroxide-hydrolyzed feather with soybean meal (SBM) in ruminant diet using the in vitro gas production technique. Treatment 1 (control) consisted of 70% concentrate + 30% alfalfa hay. In treatment 2, untreated (raw) feather was substituted with SBM. In treatments 3, 4, and 5, feather hydrolysate obtained following hydrolysis with calcium hydroxide in a reactor at 1400 rpm and 100ºC for 100, 200, or 300 min was replaced with SBM. By increasing the reaction time from 100 to 300 min, the feather solubility increased from 50.8 to 90.7%. Diets containing solubilized feather had greater in vitro digestibility (72.9, 79.0 and 69.3%) compared to the diet containing untreated feather (59.2%), but the increase was not directly correlated with pretreatment duration. No significant difference was recorded in ruminal NH3-N between control treatment (7.82 mg/100 mL) and the treatment containing feather pretreated for 200 min (7.64 mg/100 mL), but significant differences were found between untreated feather (4.17 mg/100 mL) and the control treatment. Microbiological evaluation of the pretreated feather samples showed that hydrolysis conditions were effective in controlling microbial contamination. The results showed that feather pretreated for 200 min could be a promising alternative for replacing a portion of proteins in the ruminant diet; however, the actual value of the hydrolyzed feather for ruminants must be determined in in vivo studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calcium hydroxide
  • Hydrolyzed feather
  • Gas production
  • Soybean meal
  • Ruminant

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