مقایسه اثر ضدباکتریایی عصاره های مختلف کاسنی و تاثیر آن بر قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی و جمعیت میکروبی دستگاه گوارش در جوجه های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده علوم دامی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان و عضو هیات علمی گروه علوم دام دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

2 دانشیار گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 استادیار گروه شیمی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

4 استاد گروه علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثر عصاره گیاه کاسنی(Cichorium intybus)  و پروبیوتیک در جیره جوجه­های گوشتی و در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 5 تیمار، 4 تکرار و 20 قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها شامل یک جیره ذرت- سویا به عنوان جیره پایه (شاهد) و جیره پایه حاوی سه سطح 150، 250 و 350 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم عصاره اتیل­استات کاسنی و پروبیوتیک به میزان توصیه شده در خوراک بودند. گیاه کاسنی با استفاده از چهار حلال مختلف (کلروفرم، اتیل­استات، متانول و آب) عصاره­گیری شد و موثرترین عصاره از نظر خاصیت ضدباکتریایی در محیط آزمایشگاه به روش دیسک­دیفیوژن و با اندازه­گیری قطر هاله عدم رشد تعیین شد. بیشترین اثر ضد­باکتریایی بر اشریشیاکلی به وسیله عصاره اتیل­استات نشان داده شد. اثر عصاره اتیل­استات کاسنی بر جمعیت میکروبی دستگاه گوارش و درصد قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی جوجه­های گوشتی در شرایط تنش­ گرمایی بررسی شد. برای تعیین قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، پروتئین خام و چربی خام از روش نمونه­برداری از خوراک و ایلئوم به همراه نشانگر اکسید­کروم استفاده شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که استفاده از عصاره کاسنی، سبب کاهش تعداد باکتری اشریشیاکلی و افزایش تعداد لاکتوباسیل­ها در دستگاه گوارش شد. درصد قابلیت هضم پروتئین و چربی تحت تاثیر عصاره کاسنی افزایش معنی­دار نشان داد، اما قابلیت هضم ماده خشک در تیمارهای مختلف تحت تاثیر تیمار­ها قرار نگرفت. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق می­توان گفت استفاده از عصاره اتیل­استات کاسنی در شرایط تنش­گرمایی می­تواند سبب بهبود قابلیت ­هضم و میکرو­فلور دستگاه گوارش شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing antibacterial effect of different extracts of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and its effects on nutrient digestibility and gastrointestinal microflora population in broiler chicks exposed to heat stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Z. Taraz 1
  • M. Shams Shargh 2
  • F. Samadi 2
  • P. Ebrahimi 3
  • S. Zerehdaran 4
1 Ph.D student, Faculty of Animal Science, Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Gorgan; Scientific Affair of Animal Science Department, Gonbad Kavoos University, Gonbad, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of chicory extract in the diet of broiler chicks in a completely randomized design with 5 dietary treatments, 4 replicates of 20 broiler chicks (1 d old) in each. Treatments consisted of a corn diet - soy as a basal diet (control) and basal diet containing three levels of 150, 250 and 350 mg ethyl acetate extract of chicory per kg and probiotic the recommended amount per kilogram of feed. Chicory was extracted using four different solvents (chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) and the most effective extracts in vitro antibacterial properties were determined by disk diffusion method and by measuring the diameter of inhibition zone. The most antibacterial effect against E.coli was observed to the ethyl acetate extract. Effects of ethyl acetate extract were investigated on nutrient digestibility and microbial population of the gastrointestinal tractof broilers under heat stress. To determine the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude fat feed sampling and ileum with chromium oxide marker was used. The results showed that the use of the chicks chicory extract reduced the number of E. coli bacteria and increase the number of lactobacilli in the digestive tract. Digestible of protein and fat under the influence of chicory extract showed a significant increase. In the digestibility of dry matter in different treatments were not affected by treatments (P<0.05).It is concluded that improvement in the microflora and digestibility was expected with the use of ethyl acetate extract.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heat Stress
  • Microflora population
  • Chicory extract
  • digestibility

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