تأثیر تغذیه منابع مختلف چربی در دوره انتقال بر تولید و ترکیب شیر و فراسنجه‌های خونی گاوهای شیری هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر تغذیه منابع مختلف چربی بر تولید و ترکیب شیر و فراسنجه‌های خونی طی دوره انتقال در گاوهای شیری هلشتاین بود. بدین منظور 60 رأس گاو شیری هلشتاین آبستن چند شکم زایش  بر اساس پیش‌بینی زایش به‌طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند. گاوها از روز 21 قبل از زایش تا روز 21 پس از زایش در یکی از سه گروه تیماری قرار گرفتند: 1- جیره کنترل که دارای پودر چربی اشباع (پالم) بود (20= n)، 2- جیره دارای دانه کتان اکسترود شده (20= n) و 3- جیره دارای دانه سویا برشته (20= n). جیره‌های آزمایشی از نظر ماده خشک و پروتئین خام یکسان ولی از نظر منبع چربی استفاده شده متفاوت بودند . تولید و ترکیبات شیر به‌صورت هفتگی اندازه‌گیری شد. خون‌گیری برای سنجش گلوکز، بتاهیدروکسی بوتیرات (BHBA)، اسیدهای چرب غیراستریفه (NEFA)، لیپوپروتئین با دانسیته بالا (HDL)، تری‌گلیسرید و کلسترول از شروع آزمایش به صورت هفتگی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد تولید شیر و مصرف خوراک تحت تأثیر جیره‌های آزمایشی قرار نگرفت (05/0> P). ترکیبات شیر در بین جیره‌های آزمایشی مشابه بود (05/0> P) ولی درصد چربی شیر و مقدار چربی تحت تأثیر جیره‌های آزمایشی قرار گرفت (05/0> P) و در گاوهایی که دانه کتان مصرف کردند کمتر از گروه دانه سویا و گروه کنترل بود. مقدار تری‌گلیسرید، غلظت اسیدهای چرب غیراستریفه و بتا هیدروکسی بوتیرات در گاوهایی که دانه کتان اکسترود شده مصرف کردند به‌صورت معنی‌داری کمتر از دو گروه دیگر بود (05/0> P). به‌طور کلی نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد تغذیه جیره‌های دارای دانه سویا و دانه کتان اکسترود شده در دوره انتقال با کاهش درصد چربی شیر و غلظت اسیدهای چرب غیراستریفه و بتاهیدروکسی بوتیرات و همچنین افزایش غلظت گلوکز می‌تواند در بهبود سلامت پس از زایش نقش مهمی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of feeding different fat sources on milk production and composition and blood metabolites in Hostein dairy cow during transition period

نویسندگان [English]

  • Y. Rajabi
  • Y. Chashnidel
  • E. Dirandeh
Department of Animal Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different sources of fat on milk production and composition and blood metabolites during the transition period in the Holstein dairy cow. Sixty multiparous Holstein cows were chosen randomly according to expected parturition. Cows were assigned to 3 groups from 21 days prior to calving until 21 days postpartum. Groups included: 1. control diet with protected palm oil (n = 20), 2. extruded linseed (n =20) and 3. soybean whole roast (n= 20). The diets were similar in dry matter and crude protein content but were different in fat sources. Milk production and composition were measured weekly. Blood samples collected weekly to measure glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides and total cholesterol. Results showed milk yield and DMI were not affected by experimental diets (P > 0.05). Milk compositions were similar (P > 0.05) among diets, except milk fat percentage and milk fat yield which was affected by experimental diets (P < 0.05) and were less in cows fed control and soybean whole roast diets. Triglycerides, NEFA and BHBA concentrations were significantly lower in cows fed extruded linseed compared to control and soybean whole roast groups (P < 0.05). The overall results showed that feeding diets containing soybean and extruded flaxseed can improve health status by decreasing milk fat percentage, NEFA and BHBA in dairy cows at the transition period.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fatty acids
  • extruded linseed
  • soybean whole roast
  • transition period
  • Dairy cow

مراجع

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تحقیقات تولیدات دامی
دوره 5، شماره 4
اسفند 1395
صفحه 92-100

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