افشار س.، کاظمیبنچناری م. و فردوسی ح. ر. 1394. تاثیرتغذیهدانهجوکاملوپرکشدههمراهبادومنبعپروتئینکنجالهسویاواورهبر قابلیتهضمموادمغذیوفراسنجههایشکمبهایدرگوسفندنژادمهربان. پژوهشهایتولیداتدامی، (11): 102-107.
AOAC. 1990. Official methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Association of official analytical chemists, Arlington, VA.
Armstrong D. G. 1972. Development in cereal processing, ruminants. In: Cereal processing and digestion. Published by the U.S. Feed Grains Council, London; England, Pp: 9–37.
Babaei M., Chashnidel Y. and Dirandeh E, 2016. Effect of cobalt and barley grain processing on performance, digestibility of nutrients and rumen and blood parameters in fattening lambs. Animal Production Research, 5(1):1-13.
Bengochea W. L., Lardy G. P., Bauer M. L. and Soto-Navarro S.A. 2005. Effect of grain processing degree on intake digestion ruminal fermentation and performance characteristics of steers fed medium-concentrate growing diets. Journal of Animal Science, 83: 2815-2825.
Cruz Soto R., Muhammed S. A., Newbold C. J., Stewart C. S. and Wallace R. J. 1994. Influence of peptides, amino acids and urea on microbial activity in the rumen of sheep receiving grass hay and on the growth of rumen bacteria in vitro. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 49: 151-161.
Davies K. L., McKinnon J. J. and Mutsvangwa T. 2013. Effects of dietary ruminally degradable starch and ruminally degradable protein levels on urea recycling, microbial protein production, nitrogen balance, and duodenal nutrient flow in beef heifers fed low crude protein diets. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 93: 123-136.
Griswold, K. E., Apgar G. A., Bouton J. and Firkins J. L. 2003. Effects of urea infusion and ruminal degradable protein concentration on microbial growth, digestibility, and fermentation in continuous culture, Journal of Animal Science, 81: 329-336.
Khalesizadeh A., Vakili A. R., Danesh Mesgaran M. and Valizadeh R. 2011. The effects of garlic oil (Allium sativa), turmeric powder (Curcuma iongalinn) and monensin on total apparent digestibility of nutrients in Baloochi lambs. International Journal of Biological, Bimolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering, 5(11):791-793.
Khalid M. F., Sarwar M., Rehman A. U., Shahzad M. A. and Mukhtar N. 2012. Effect of Dietary Protein Sources on Lamb’s Performance: A Review. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science 2(2): 111-120.
Kiran D. and Mutsvangwa T. 2007. Effects of barley grain processing and dietary ruminally degradable protein on urea nitrogen recycling and nitrogen metabolism in growing lambs. Journal of Animal Science, 85:3391–3399.
Matras J., Bartle S. J. and Preston R. L. 1991. Nitrogen utilization in growing lambs: effect of grain (starch) and protein sources with various rates of ruminal degradation. Journal of Animal Science, 69: 339-347.
National Research Council. 1989. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 6th. rev. ed. Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, D.C, USA.
Puchala R. and Kulasek G. W. 1992. Estimation of microbial protein flow from the rumen of sheep using microbial nucleic acid and urinary excretion of purine Derivatives.
Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 72: 821-830.
Rusche W. C., Cochran R. C., Corah L. R., Stevenson J. S., Harmon D. L., Brandt R. T. and Minton J. E. 1993. Influence of source and amount of dietary protein on performance, blood metabo-lites, and reproductive function of primiparous beef cows. Journal of Animal Science, 71: 557-563.
SAS. 1999. The SAS System for Windows. Release 8.0.1. SAS Institute Inc, Cary, USA.
Shiasi H., Foroozandeh A. D. and Shakeri P. 2015. Effects of different levels and physical form of corn and wheat grains in the starter diet on growth of dairy calves. Journal of Ruminant Research, 2(4): 69-85.
Sinclair L. A., Garnsworthy P. C., Newbold J. R. and Buttery P. J. 1993. Effect of synchronizing the rate of dietary energy and nitrogen release on rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in sheep.
Journal of Agricultural Science, 120:251-263.
Tothi R., Lund P., Weisbjery M. R. and Hvelplund T. 2003. Effect of expander processing on fractional rate of maize and barley starch degradation in the rumen of dairy cows estimated using rumen evaluation and in situ techniques. Anim Feed Science and Technology, 104: 71-94.
Yang W. Z., Xu L., Zhao Y. L., Chen L. Y. and McAllister T. A. 2007. Impact of hard vs. soft wheat and monensin level on rumen acidosis in feedlot heifers. Journal of Animal Science, 92: 5088–5098.
Yu P., Egan A. R., Boon-ek L. and Leury B. J. 2002. Purine derivative excretion and ruminal microbial yield in growing lambs fed raw and dry roasted legume seeds as protein supplements. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 95: 33–48.
Zinn R. A. and Borques J. L. 1993. Influence of sodium bicarbonate and monensin on utilization of a fat-supplemented, high-energy growing-finishing diet by feedlot steers. Journal of Animal Science, 71: 18-25.