اثر دفعات خوراک‌دهی و افزودن روغن به جیره بر عملکرد، رفتار جدا کردن اجزای خوراک و تخمیر شکمبه گاوهای هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر دفعات خوراک­دهی و افزودن روغن به جیره بر عملکرد، رفتار جدا کردن اجزای خوراک و تخمیر شکمبه گاوهای هلشتاین بود. از 24 رأس گاو شیرده هلشتاین شامل 12 رأس گاو یک بار زایش کرده و 12 رأس چند بار زایش کرده به ­ترتیب با میانگین وزنی 58 ± 626 و 25 ± 617 کیلوگرم و روزهای شیردهی 44 ± 195 و 39 ± 207 روز در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل 2×2 در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی استفاده شد. فاکتورها عبارت بودند از روغن جیره در سطوح صفر و 5/2 درصد و دفعات خوراک دهی در سطوح یک و سه بار در روز. تیمارها از نظر ماده خشک مصرفی و تولید شیر تصحیح شده تفاوت معنی­داری نداشتند، ولی تولید شیر تصحیح نشده با سه بارخوراک­دهی بدون افزودن روغن کمتر از سایر تیمارها بود (05/0>P). در بین تیمارها از نظر رفتار جدا کردن اجزای جیره تفاوت معنی داری مشاهد نشد (05/0 < P). گاوهای یک بار زایش کرده بیشتر از گاوهای چند بار زایش کرده رفتار جدا کردن را نشان دادند (05/0 > P). افزودن روغن با یک­ بار خوراک­دهی باعث کاهش نوسانات pH شکمبه شد. غلظت پروپیونات شکمبه با یک بار خوراک­دهی بیشتر از سایر تیمارها بود (05/0 > P). در این پژوهش افزودن روغن باعث کاهش بی نظمی­های خوراک خوردن به ویژه با یک بار خوراک­دهی در روز شد (05/0 > P). اثرات مثبتی از افزودن روغن بر تولید شیر، رفتارهای خوراک خوردن و pH شکمبه به خصوص با یک ­بار خوراک­دهی مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of feeding frequency and adding oil to diet on performance, sorting behavior and rumen fermentation of Holstein dairy cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • K. Akbari Pabandi 1
  • H. R. Mirzaei Alamouti 2
1 M.Sc. student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Assistant professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of feeding frequency and oil supplementation to the diet on sorting behavior and rumen fermentation of lactating dairy cows. Twenty four lactating Holstein cows, including 12 primiparous with average body weight of 626 ± 58 Kg and days in mild of 195 ± 44 day, and 12 multiparous having average body weight of 617 ± 25 Kg and days in milk of 207 ± 39 day, were used in a 2×2 factorial experiment under a randomized complete block design. The factors were oil supplement at two levels of 0 and 25 percent, and feeding frequency of 1 or 3 times per day. Treatments had no significant effect on dry matter intake and fat and energy corrected milk, but uncorrected milk production was lower for three times feeding without oil supplement (P < 0.05), compared to other treatments. There was no difference between treatments in respect to sorting behavior (P > 0.05). The primiparous cows showed more sorting behaviors than multiparous cows (P < 0.05). Oil supplementation with once per day feeding reduced fluctuation rumen pH especially (P < 0.05). Rumen propionate concentration was higher than other treatments with once per day feeding (P < 0.05). Oil supplementation reduced slug feeding in particular with once per day feeding (P< 0.05). The results showed that oil supplementation with once per day feeding improved milk yield, feeding behaviors and ruminal pH.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Feeding frequency
  • Oil supplementation
  • Chewing behavior
  • sorting
  • Holstein cow

مراجع

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تحقیقات تولیدات دامی
دوره 6، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 109-125

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