اثر افزودن اسانس نعناع فلفلی و آویشن شیرازی به جیره آغازین بر عملکرد گوساله های هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد گروه علوم دامی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

4 استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

هدف از انجام این تحقیق، بررسی اثر افزودن اسانس­های نعناع فلفلی و آویشن شیرازی به جیره­ آغازین گوساله­های شیرخوار هلشتاین بر میزان مصرف خوراک، عملکرد رشد، سن از شیرگیری، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی و قوام مدفوع بود. در این آزمایش 36 راس گوساله هلشتاین به‌طور تصادفی به سه جیره­ غذایی با 12 رأس گوساله (6 راس نر و 6 راس ماده) اختصاص داده شدند. جیره­های غذایی شامل 1) خوراک آغازین بدون افزودنی (شاهد) 2) خوراک آغازین حاوی 2/0 درصد اسانس نعناع فلفلی و 3) خوراک آغازین حاوی 2/0 درصد اسانس آویشن شیرازی بود. گوساله­ها در جایگاه­های انفرادی نگهداری شده و به آب و خوراک دسترسی آزاد داشتند. از شیرگیری در زمان مصرف روزانه یک کیلوگرم ماده خشک در دو روز متوالی انجام شده و آزمایش تا دو هفته بعد از شیرگیری ادامه یافت. میزان مصرف ماده خشک به صورت روزانه اندازه­گیری شده و وزن­کشی در سنین یک­ماهگی، 2 ماهگی، زمان از شیرگیری و پایان آزمایش انجام شد. قوام ظاهری مدفوع به صورت یک روز در میان اندازه­گیری شد. تفاوت معنی­داری بین تیمارها از نظر سن از شیرگیری و میزان خوراک مصرفی وجود نداشت. گوساله­های مصرف­کننده جیره­ حاوی اسانس نعناع فلفلی، افزایش وزن روزانه و بازده مصرف خوراک بیشتری نسبت به تیمار شاهد داشتند (05/0P<). تیمارهای آویشن و نعناع باعث سوددهی بیشتر در زمان از شیرگیری نسبت به گروه شاهد شدند. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد افزودن اسانس نعناع به جیره­های آغازین باعث بهبود بازده مصرف خوراک و در نهایت افزایش سود ناخالص پرورش گوساله شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of adding Thyme and Peppermint essential oils in calf starter diet on performance of Holstein calves

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Ebrahimi 1
  • M. Dehghan-Banadaki 2
  • M. Ganjkhanlou 3
  • H. Khalilvandi-Behroozyar 4
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding thyme or peppermint essential oils in calf starter diet on growth performance, fecal score, nutrient digestibility, dry matter intake and weaning age of Holstein calves. Thirty-six Holstein calves were allocated to each of dietary treatments (Twelve calves (six females and six males) per treatment as: Control, (starter without additive), Mint, (starter supplemented with 0.2% peppermint essential oil) and Thyme, (starter supplemented with 0.2% Zataria multiflora essential oil). Calves were housed in individual hutches, and fed whole milk at 10% of the initial body weight daily and had free access to starter and water. Calves were weaned when they had consumed one kg of starter for two consecutive days. The experiment was ended two weeks after weaning of the calves. Feed intake was measured daily. Body weight was measured at birth, at monthly throughout the study, at weaning and at the end of study. Thyme and mint diets resulted in higher daily weight gain and feed efficiency. No significant difference showed in growth performance between calves after weaning (P>0.05). Essential oils were resulted in higher economical profit at weaning. Results of this study showed that supplementing calf starter diet with thyme and peppermint essential oils guaranty higher calf performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Thyme essential oil
  • Mint essential oil
  • Starter diet
  • Calf
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