اثر سیلاژ ذرت و زمان استفاده آن در خوراک آغازین بر عملکرد رشد و فراسنجه‌های شکمبه‌ای در گوساله‌های شیرخوار هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

3 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر استفاده از سیلاژ ذرت به عنوان منبع علوفه و زمان استفاده از آن در خوراک آغازین بر مصرف خوراک، عملکرد رشد و فراسنجه­های شکمبه­ای در گوساله­های شیرخوار هلشتاین بود. تعداد 32 راس گوساله هلشتاین (16 نر و 16 ماده) از 5 تا 70 روزگی در آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و با آرایش فاکتوریل 2×2 مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. عامل اول نوع علوفه (یونجه و سیلاژ ذرت) و عامل دوم زمان استفاده از علوفه (5 و30 روزگی) بود. جیره های آزمایشی شامل:  خوراک آغازین با 10 درصد یونجه از 5 روزگی، خوراک آغازین با 10 درصد یونجه از 30 روزگی، خوراک آغازین با 10 درصد سیلاژ ذرت از پنج روزگی و خوراک آغازین با 10 درصد سیلاژ ذرت از 30 روزگی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر زمان استفاده از علوفه و منبع علوفه بر افزایش وزن روزانه، مصرف خوراک و برخی فراسنجه­های شکمبه­ای معنی­دار بود ( 05/0p <). استفاده از سیلاژ ذرت در جیره آغازین گوساله­­های شیرخوار از پنج روزگی، بالاترین افزایش وزن روزانه، مصرف ماده خشک، غلظت کل اسید های چرب فرار، پروپیونات و استات مایع شکمبه را ایجاد نمود. اثر تیمارهای آزمایشی بر غلظت گلوکز و نیتروژن اوره­ای خون و امتیاز قوام مدفوع گوساله­های شیرخوار معنی­دار نبود، ولی اثر تیمارهای آزمایشی بر غلظت بتاهیدروکسی بوتیرات خون گوساله­ها معنی­دار بود (01/0>p ). مطابق نتایج این آزمایش، بهترین زمان استفاده از علوفه در خوراک آغازین گوساله­های شیرخوار، پنج روزگی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of corn silage and its supplementation time in starter diet on the performance and rumen parameters of suckling Holstein calves

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Hosseinabadi 1
  • K. Rezayazdi 2
  • M. Dehghan-Banadaky 3
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of corn silage as source forage and its supplementation time in starter on feed intake, growth performance and rumen parameters in suckling Holstein calves. Thirty-two Holstein calves (16 males and 16 females) from 5 d to 70 d of old were used in a complete randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Dietary treatments were as follows: starter with 10% alfalfa at 5 d old calves, starter with 10% alfalfa at 30 d old calves, starter with 10% corn silage at 5 d old calves and starter with 10% corn silage at 30 d old calves. The effect of forage source and time of using forage in the starter on average daily gain (ADG), feed intake and some rumen parameters was significant (p < /em><0.05). Effect of treatments on glucose, blood urea nitrogen concentration and fecal score was not significant. However, the effect of treatments on beta hydroxyl butyric acid concentration in calves was significant (p < /em><0.01). Results showed that calves consumed corn silage at five d of old had the highest average daily gain, feed intake, total volatile fatty acids (VFA), propionate and acetate. According to the results of this experiment, the best time of supplementing forage in the starter diet of suckling calves is five day of old.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Feed intake
  • Forage
  • Performance
  • Rumen parameters
  • Holstein calves
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