اثر افزودن دانه گشنیز به جیره بر عملکرد رشد، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی و فراسنجه های خونی بره های پرواری سنجابی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

2 کارشناس، سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه

چکیده

هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی اثر افزودن دانه گشنیز به جیره بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی و فراسنجه­های خونی بره­های سنجابی بود. برای این منظور، 16 رأس بره نر با سن 90 روز و میانگین وزنی 5/1±27 کیلوگرم به مدت 90 روز پروار شدند. در این تحقیق، جیره­ها دارای نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه 70 به 30 بودند. جیره­های آزمایشی شامل: صفر (شاهد)، یک، سه و پنج درصد دانه گشنیز بود. نتایج نشان داد که مصرف دانه گشنیز در سطوح سه و پنج درصد اثر مثبتی بر ماده خشک مصرفی و افزایش وزن روزانه دارد (05/0>P) و سبب عملکرد بهتر بره‌ها شد. بهترین ضریب تبدیل خوراک در تیمار حاوی یک درصد دانه گشنیز بدست آمد (05/0<P). در مقایسه با جیره شاهد، جیره مصرفی حاوی دانه گشنیز، اثر افزایشی بر قابلیت هضم ظاهری فسفر داشت (05/0>P). استفاده از دانه گشنیز (یک و پنج درصد) سبب افزایش گلوکز و کاهش اوره خون شد، ولی سایر متابولیت­های خون را تحت تاثیر قرار نداد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که استفاده از دانه گشنیز به میزان یک تا سه درصد در جیره بره­های پرواری موجب بهبود عملکرد دوره پروار و قابلیت هضم ظاهری فسفر شده و آثار مثبتی بر فراسنجه­های خونی گلوکز و اوره در بره­های سنجابی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of dietary coriander seeds on performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood parameters of Sanjabi lambs

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Khamisabadi 1
  • J. Ahmadpanah 1
  • Gh. R. Siahkamari 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science Research, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran
2 Expert, Kermanshah Agricultural Jihad Organization, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Harmful effect of antibiotics is evident in the feed industry. This industry needs an alternative instead of growth-promoting antibiotics. Medicinal plants can be the alternative due to their antimicrobial and nutritional effects. Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is one of the medicinal plants used in animal and poultry nutrition. Coriander seeds’ essential oil is rich in oxygenated monoterpenes. In addition to camphor, granil acetate, alpha-pinene, graniol, and pisimin are other predominant constituents of coriander seed’s essential oil. Minerals including phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and essential amino acids including glutamine, asparagine, and arginine have also been identified as components of coriander seeds. The main component of coriander seeds is linalool. The effect of using coriander seeds and its positive effects on yield, rumen fermentation process, blood parameters, meat quality, and feed conversion ratio has been reported in sheep of different breeds. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of adding coriander seeds to the diet on yield, nutrient digestibility, and blood parameters of Sanjabi lambs.
Materials and methods: 16 male lambs with 90 days of age (weaning age) and an average weight of 27±1.5 kg were considered in this study. Fattening was done for 90 days. Lambs were also vaccinated against enterotoxemia. Diets contained the concentrate to forage ratio of 70 to 30. Diets included 0 (without medicinal plants), one, three, and five percentages of coriander seeds. During the fattening period, water and feed were ad libitum to the lambs and the feed was distributed three times a day. Lambs were weighed at the beginning of the period and then monthly after 14 hours of starvation. The dry matter intake was measured daily and the average daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio were calculated at the end of the fattening period. To prepare a stool sample for each head of lamb, five daily stool samples were mixed in equal value and thus a sample was prepared for each lamb. At the end of the rearing period, the fecal collection was performed directly from the rectum of the lamb for five consecutive days. Stool samples were collected from the rectum every three hours and immediately transferred to a refrigerator at 4 °C. The statistical analysis of data was conducted in a completely randomized design using the GLM procedure of the SAS program. Also, Duncan’s multiple range test was used for the comparison of treatment means.
Results and discussion: The digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, and insoluble fibers in neutral detergent (percent) was the same in different treatments (P>0.05). Creatinine, albumin, total globulin, glucose, total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, beta-hydroxybutyrate, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase were not affected by experimental treatments during feeding (P>0.05). None of the blood serum metabolites of lambs was affected by coriander seed ((P>0.05). The results showed that consumption of coriander seeds had a significant effect on dry matter intake and daily weight gain (P<0.05). The best feed conversion ratio was obtained in the treatment containing one percent of coriander seeds (P<0.05). Compared to the control diet, diets containing coriander seeds had a significant effect on the apparent digestibility of calcium and phosphorus (P<0.05). Using coriander seeds in the diet made a decrease in blood urea nitrogen and increased blood glucose during the fattening period, but did not affect other blood metabolites. Concentrations of liver enzymes including aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase tended to be increased by five percent of coriander seed in the diet compared to the control treatment, indicating liver activity to remove toxic effects and anti-nutrients components. Coriander seeds have strong antioxidant properties due to compounds such as riboflavin, tocopherol, total polyphenols, gallic acid, caffeic acid, and quercin. In the present study, blood cholesterol decreased by increasing coriander seeds in the diet. This may be due to a decrease in the activity of the cholesterol-synthesizing enzyme in the liver, making a decrease in tissue cholesterol, and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids by aging.
Conclusions: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded the use of one to three percent of coriander seed in the diet of fattening lambs improved the performance, and apparent digestibility and has positive effects on blood metabolites including glucose and urea nitrogen in Sanjabi lambs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sanjabi lamb
  • Fattening
  • Coriander seed
  • Feed conversion ratio
  • Blood parameters
Abd El-Hady A M., El-Ghalid O. A. H. and El-Raffa A. M. 2013. Influence of an herbal feed additives (digestarom) on productive performance and blood constituents of growing Rabbits. Egyptian Journal of Animal Production, 50(1): 27-37.
Al-Zwein D. H. Y. 2011. Effect of coriander seeds [Coriandrum sativum] on some haematological and immunological parameters of awassi ewes. Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 4(1): 92-102.
Anita D., Sharad A., Amanjot K. and Ritu M. 2014. Antioxidant profile of Coriandrum sativum methanolic extract. International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 5(3): 220-224.
Burt S. 2004. Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods: a review. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94: 223-253.
Busquet M., Calsamiglia S., Ferret A., Carro M. D. and Kamel C. 2005. Effect of garlic oil and four of its compounds on rumen microbial fermentation. Journal of Dairy Science, 88: 4393-4404.
Chitra V. and Leelamma S. 1997. Hypolipidemic effect of coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum): mechanism of action. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 51: 167-172.
Eikani M. H., Golmohammad F. and Rowshanzamir S. 2007. Subcritical water extraction of essential oils from coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum L.). Journal of Food Engineering, 80(2): 735-740.
Fakhraei J., Siahkamari Gh., Mansoori Yarahmadi H. and Khamisabadi H. 2019. Antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of Coriandarm sativum extract on the quality and shelf life of lambs meat during the refrigerated storage. Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Science, 45: 1-7.
Gulcan D., Bulent E., Aylin U., Hulya Y., Nese K. and Alper Y. 2013. Effects of dietary oregano essential oil on carcass and meat quality of Kivircik lamb. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 12(10): 991-995.
Mohammadabadi T. 2020. Effect of using pruning foliage of conocarpus on digestibility, rumen fermentation and blood parameters of Arabi sheep. Animal Production Research. 9(3): 59-69. (In Persian).
Mohammed S. F., Al-Gburi, O. S. H. and Abbas, E. R. 2017. Effect of Corianderum sativum on live weight gain, lipids, hematological and some blood parameters of Awassi female and male lambs. Advances in Environmental Biology, 11(4): 19-23.
Mohammed S. F., Saeed A. A. and Al-Jubori O. S. 2018. Effect of daily supplement of coriander seeds powder on weight gain, rumen fermentation, digestion and some blood characteristics of Awassi ewes. Journal of Research in Ecology, 6(2): 1762-1770.
Nasser A. K., Shams Al-dain Q. Z., Abou N. Y. and Mahmood A. B. 2013. Using fenugreek seeds powder as a feed additive in rations of Sharabi local cows and its effect on some hematological and biochemical parameters. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 27(1): 13-19.
Nute G. R., Richardson R. I., Wood J. D., Hughes S. I., Wilkinson R. G., Cooper S. L. and Sinclair L. A. 2007. Effect of dietary oil source on the flavour and the colour and lipid stability of lamb meat. Meat Science, 77: 547-555.
Oganesyan E., Nersesyan Z. and Parkhomenko A. Y. 2007. Chemical composition of the above-ground part of Coriandrum sativum. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 41(3): 149-153.
Omidi Mirzaei M., Hojjati M., Alizadeh Behbahani B. and Noshad M. 2020. Determination of chemical composition, antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity of coriander seed essential oil on a number of pathogenic microorganisms. Iranian Food Science and Technology Research Journal, 16(2): 221-233. (In Persian).
Panjwani D., Mishra B. and Banji D. 2010. Time dependent antioxidant activity of fresh juice of leaves of Coriandrum sativum. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, 2(1): 63-66.
Pond W. G. D. C. and Pond K. R. 1996. Basic animal nutrition and feeding. Fourth edition, John willey & Sons.
Russell J. B. and Houlihan A. J. 2003. Ionophore resistance of ruminal bacteria and its potential impact on human health. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 27: 65-74.
Sallam S. M. A., Abdelgaleil S. M. A., Bueno I. C. S., Nassera M. E. A., Araujo R. C. and abdolla A. L. 2011. Effect of some essential oils on in vitro methane emission. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 65: 203-214.
Wallace R. J., McEwan N. R., Mclnotoch F. M., Teferedegne B. and Newbold C. J. 2002. Natural products as manipulators of rumen fermentation. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 10: 1458-1468.