بررسی ارتباط بین خصوصیات منحنی شیردهی و برخی صفات اقتصادی گاوهای هلشتاین ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی و بیوانفورماتیک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم دام و طیور، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

5 استادیار، پژوهشکده دام های خاص، دانشگاه زابل

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، برآورد همبستگی فراسنجه­های منحنی تولید شیر تابع روک (تولید اولیه، نرخ رسیدن به اوج تولید، فراسنجه مرتبط با بیشینه تولید، تغییرات شیب منحنی بعد از رسیدن به اوج تولید، زمان رسیدن به اوج تولید، مقدار تولید در اوج و تداوم شیردهی) با برخی صفات تولیدی (تولید شیر، چربی و پروتئین 305 روز)، نمره سلول­های بدنی و سن اولین زایش و همچنین بررسی فراسنجه­های منحنی در گروه­های مختلف فنوتیپی صفات اقتصادی گاوهای هلشتاین بود. از رکورد روز آزمون تولید شیر زایش نخست 847129 گاو که بین سال­های 1362 تا 1396 به وسیله مرکز اصلاح نژاد دام و بهبود تولیدات دامی کشور جمع­آوری شده بود، استفاده شد. برآورد مولفه­های واریانس و همبستگی­های ژنتیکی بین صفات با تجزیه و تحلیل دوصفتی و روش نمونه­گیری گیبس انجام شد. پس از گروه­بندی فنوتیپی حیوانات بر اساس صفات (تولید بالا، متوسط و پایین)، فراسنجه­های منحنی تولید در گروه­های مختلف فنوتیپی مقایسه شد. بالاترین و پایین­ترین همبستگی ژنتیکی، به ترتیب، بین تولید شیر 305 روز با میزان تولید شیر در اوج شیردهی (958/0) و نمره سلول­های بدنی با فراسنجه تغییرات شیب منحنی بعد از رسیدن به اوج تولید (001/0-) برآورد شد. تداوم شیردهی با تولید شیر، چربی و پروتئین شیر 305 روز همبستگی مثبت و متوسط به بالا و با نمره سلول­های بدنی و سن اولین زایش همبستگی منفی نشان داد. بنابراین، می­توان انتظار داشت انتخاب برای تداوم شیردهی سبب افزایش مقدار صفات تولیدی شده و با کاهش تعداد سلول­های سوماتیک و سن نخستین زایش، سلامت پستان­ها را بهبود داد. مقدار فراسنجه­­های منحنی در بین سه گروه فنوتیپی صفات، در بیشتر موارد، تفاوت معنی­داری داشتند (01/0>P)، به­طوری که در گروه با تولید بالا، صفات تولیدی و سن اولین زایش، میزان تولید اولیه، تولید در اوج و تداوم شیردهی بیشتر از سایر گروه­ها بود، اما برای نمره سلول­های بدنی، رابطه عکس مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the relationship between lactation curve parameters and some economic traits of Iranian Holstein cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Arianfar 1
  • M. Rokouei 2 3
  • Gh. R. Dashab 4
  • H. Faraji-Arough 5
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science and Bioinformatics, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran|Associate Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science and Bioinformatics, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran|Associate Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Research Center of Special Domestic Animals, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The main purpose of a breeding program is to increase the genetic capacity of farm animals for important economic traits. Although the success of genetic selection to increase milk production in dairy cows is quite obvious, the fertility of herds has decreased. The heritability of lactation curve parameters has been reported to be low, indicating that the lactation curve is highly influenced by environmental factors. As a result, direct selection for these traits will not lead to effective genetic improvement, and selection based on correlated traits can be investigated. Studies on the lactation curve of Holstein cows in Iran have often been performed using three-parameter functions. The Rook function has recently been introduced as a suitable function to describe the lactation curve of Iranian Holstein cows. The purpose of this research was to estimate the correlation between the lactation curve parameters of the Rook function (initial production (a), the rate of reaching the production peak (b), maximum production (c), the curve changes after reaching the peak of production (d), the peak time (pt), amount of production at the peak (pm), and persistency (p)) with some production traits (305-d milk, fat and protein production), somatic cell score and age at first calving and also evaluating curve parameters in different phenotypic groups of the economic traits in Holstein cows.
Materials and methods: A total of 847129 test day records of milk production in the first lactation collected by the Animal Breeding Center and Promotion of Animal Products of Iran from 1983 until 2017, were used. The Rook function was fitted to the test day records and the function parameters were separately calculated for all animals. Estimation of variance components and genetic correlation between the parameters of the lactation curve with the production traits (305-d milk, fat, and protein), somatic cell score, and age at first calving was performed by bivariate analysis via the Gibbs sampling method. To investigate the relationship between economic traits and milk curve parameters, animals were divided into three phenotypic groups including high, medium, and low based on the phenotypes of economic trait, and then the value of curve parameters was evaluated between three groups.
Results and discussion: The highest genetic correlation was estimated between milk production and peak production (pm) (0.958). The genetic correlation between milk production and persistency was relatively high (0.725). Genetic correlation of somatic cell score with initial production (a), maximum production (c), and amount of production at the peak (pm) was undesirable and its correlation with parameter curve changes after maximum yield (d) was favorable. Therefore, it is expected that selection to reduce initial production and production at the peak and increase curve changes after maximum yield could decrease the somatic cell score. The correlation estimates between persistency with 305-d milk, fat, and protein production were positive, and a negative correlation was estimated between somatic cell score with age at first calving, so it can be expected that selection for persistency will increase the production traits, and udder health could be improved by reducing the number of somatic cell score and age at first calving. In most cases, the values of curve parameters among the three phenotypic groups of traits had significant differences, and in the high production group, age at first calving, the value of initial production, peak production, and persistency were higher compared to other groups; however, an inverse relation was observed for somatic cell score.
Conclusions: The estimated correlations showed that the selection of animals for increased initial production (a) and production at the peak (pm) will improve milk production during 305 days. Increasing the somatic cell score reduces the peak time (pt), and persistency (p). A comparison of persistency between different phenotypic groups of economic traits suggested that persistency improves with increasing milk production and its components as well as decreasing somatic cell scores.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Peak production
  • Rook function
  • Persistency
  • Somatic cell score
  • Correlation

مراجع

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تحقیقات تولیدات دامی
دوره 11، شماره 1
خرداد 1401
صفحه 1-13

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