اثر سطوح مختلف لیزو‌فسفولیپید بر عملکرد، تجزیه‌پذیری، فراسنجه‌های تخمیر، جمعیت میکروبی شکمبه و اسید‌های چرب لاشه در بره‌های پرواری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه دام، دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منبع طبیعی ساری

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

4 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

این آزمایش به منظور بررسی آثار مصرف سطوح مختلف لیزو‌فسفولیپید بر عملکرد، فراسنجه‌های تجزیه‌پذیری، جمعیت میکروبی، تخمیر شکمبه و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب لاشه در بره‌های پرواری نر آمیخته‌ زل با افشاری با چهار تیمار و شش تکرار و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. جیره­­های آزمایشی شامل: 1- جیره پایه (شاهد) (بدون افزودن لیزوفسفولیپید در جیره و با جیره حاوی منبع لیپید)، 2- تیمار حاوی منبع لیپید به­علاوه افزودن 25/0 درصد لیزوفسفولیپید در جیره، 3- تیمار حاوی منبع لیپید به­علاوه افزودن 50/0 درصد لیزوفسفولیپید در جیره، و 4- تیمار حاوی منبع لیپید به­علاوه افزودن 75/0 درصد لیزوفسفولیپید در جیره بودند. منبع لیپید و مکمل لیزوفسفولیپید از نوع محافظت شده از شکمبه بود. طول دوره پروار برابر با 105 روز (15 روز عادت‌پذیری + 90 روز دوره رکوردبرداری) بود. نتایج نشان داد که افزودن مقدار 75/0 درصد مکمل لیزوفسفولیپید سبب افزایش مصرف خوراک و رشد روزانه و کاهش ضریب تبدیل خوراک شد (05/0>‌P). با افزودن مکمل لیزوفسفولیپید به جیره، تفاوت معنی‌داری در بخش‌های سریع‌ تجزیه و کند تجزیه ماده خشک، پروتئین و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و اسیدی مشاهده نشد. افزودن 75/0 درصد مکمل لیزوفسفولیپید نسبت به سایر تیمارها سبب افزایش غلظت اسید ‌استیک و نسبت استات به پروپیونات در مایع شکمبه و همچنین افزایش اسید لینولنیک لاشه شد (05/0<‌P) و نسبت اسید‌های چرب ω-6/ ω-3 در همه گروه‌های حاوی لیزوفسفولیپید نسبت به گروه شاهد کاهش یافت (05/0>‌P). استفاده از 5/0 و 75/0 درصد مکمل لیزوفسفولیپید در جیره باعث افزایش کل جمعیت باکتریایی شکمبه شد  (05/0>‌P)، ولی بر جمعیت پروتوزوآها تأثیری نداشت. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش می‌توان از مکمل لیزوفسفولیپید در سطوح 5/0 و 75/0 درصد جیره‌های حاوی مکمل چربی در بره‌‌های نر پرواری استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different levels of lysophospholipid on performance, degradability, ruminal parameters, microbial population, and carcass fatty acids in fattening lambs

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Farahmandpour 1
  • Y. Chashnidel 2
  • A. Teymouri Yansari 3
  • M. Kazemifard 4
1 Ph.D. Student in Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Lysophospholipids play an important role in animal nutrition. These substances, which are also classified as plant secondary metabolites, have a positive effect on the digestion and absorption of lipid nutrients in livestock. Lysophospholipids, mostly due to their emulsifying properties, increase the digestibility of fats and fat-soluble vitamins and can selectively prevent the growth of gram-positive bacteria. They can also emulsify dietary fats and increase fat absorption in the intestinal epithelium. The lysophospholipids can improve the consumption of fatty acid supplements and increase their digestibility. Therefore, they have substantial benefits for ruminants. The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of consumption of different levels of lysophospholipids on degradability parameters, ruminal parameters, carcass fatty acid profile, microbial population, and protozoa in fattening male lambs.
Materials and methods: In this study, 24 crossbred male lambs with four treatments and six replications per treatment were used in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets included: 1. Basal diet (control) (without lysophospholipid in the diet and with a diet containing a lipid source), 2. Treatment containing a lipid source + 0.25% lysophospholipid in the diet, 3. Treatment containing a lipid source + 0.50% lysophospholipid in the diet, and 4. Treatment containing a lipid source + 0.75% lysophospholipid in the diet. The lipid source and lysophospholipid supplement were rumen-protected products. The total fattening period was 105 days (15 days of adaptation + ‌90 days of recording period).
Results and discussion: The results showed that adding 0.75% of lysophospholipid supplement increased feed consumption and daily weight gain and decreased FCR (P<0.05). With the addition of lysophospholipid supplement to the diet of fattening lambs, there was no significant difference between experimental diets with the control diet regarding the rapidly degraded fraction and slowly degraded fraction and total potential of degradability of dry matter, protein, and NDF (P>0.05). Experimental treatments had no significant effect on pH and ammonia nitrogen. The addition of 0.75% of the lysophospholipid supplement, compared to other treatments, increased the concentration of acetic acid and the ratio of acetate to propionate in the ruminal fluid and also increased linolenic acid (c18:3 ω3) (P‌<0.05) and the ratio of ω6/ω3 decreased in all experimental groups (P<0.05). The use of 0.5 and 0.75% lysophospholipid supplements in the diet increased the total ruminal bacterial population (P‌<0.05) but did not affect the population of protozoa (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Based on the results of this experiment, it is possible to use lysophospholipid supplements at the levels of 0.5 and 0.75% of diets containing fat supplements in fattening male lambs. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crossbred male lambs
  • Degradability
  • Rumen microbial population
  • Lysophospholipid

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تحقیقات تولیدات دامی
دوره 12، شماره 1
خرداد 1402
صفحه 13-24

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