ارزیابی عملکرد رشد، شاخص های بیوشیمیایی خون و ریخت شناسی ژژنوم جوجه گوشتی تغذیه شده با عصاره هیدروالکلی ترخون و ویتامین E

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

تولید محصولات پروتئینی و گوشت سفید با کیفیت مناسب از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. برای این منظور، آزمایشی با تعداد360 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یک­روزه جنس نر راس 308، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آزمایش فاکتوریل 3×2 شامل سه سطح عصاره ترخون (صفر، 200 و 400 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم) و دو سطح ویتامین E ( صفر و 100 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم)، شش تیمار، پنج تکرار و 12 قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار، اجرا شد. جوجه­ها به­مدت 42 روز با سه جیره آغازین (10-0روزگی)، رشد (24-11 روزگی) و پایانی (42-25 روزگی) تغذیه شدند. مقایسه میانگین تیمار‌ها با استفاده از آزمون آماری توکی-کرامر انجام شد. تحلیل داده­ها نشان داد افزودن سطح 400 میلی­گرم عصاره ترخون بدون ویتامین باعث افزایش مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل خوراک و کاهش وزن بدن در مقایسه با تیمار حاوی 100 ویتامین E و شاهد شد (05/0>P). پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی 400 میلی­گرم عصاره ترخون و 100 میلی­گرم ویتامین E در مقایسه با شاهد دارای چربی بطنی پایین­تر و درصد وزنی بورس و طحال بالاتری بودند. ریخت­شناسی روده نیز بیانگر افزایش ارتفاع پرز و نسبت ارتفاع پرز به عمق کریپت و سطح جذب در جوجه­های تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی 400 میلی­گرم عصاره ترخون و 100 میلی­گرم ویتامین E در مقایسه با شاهد بود (05/0>P). غلظت کلسترول، تری­گلیسرید و LDL و فعالیت آنزیمAST در تیمار شاهد بالاتر از جوجه­های تغذیه شده با تیمار حاوی 400 میلی­گرم عصاره و 100 میلی­گرم ویتامین E بود. به­طور کلی، استفاده همزمان عصاره ترخون در سطح 400 میلی­گرم و ویتامین E در سطح 100 میلی­گرم بدون تاثیر بر صفات عملکرد رشد، باعث بهبود پاسخ ایمنی و ریخت­شناسی روده و کاهش لیپیدهای خون شد که می­تواند به بهبود پاسخ ایمنی و کیفیت لاشه کمک نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of growth performance, blood biochemical indices, and jejunum morphology in broiler chickens fed with hydroalcoholic extract of tarragon and vitamin E

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Ahani
  • S. J. Hosseini-Vashan
  • N. Afzali
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Production of high-quality protein and white meat products is of paramount importance. To achieve this, the researchers and producers have focused on utilizing growth-promoting compounds and immune system enhancers. These include antibiotics, acidifiers, probiotics, and herbal extracts compounds, which influence gastrointestinal motility, digestive secretions, and transit rate of digesta, gut microbial populations, and intestinal epithelial cell proliferation. Such mechanisms enhance digestive efficiency, nutrient absorption, and ultimately improve growth performance and immune responses in poultry. Among bioactive herbal compounds, tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) is notable for its rich content of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, coumarins, tannins, and vitamins. Therefore, an experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic tarragon extract and vitamin E supplementation on growth performance, blood biochemical indices, and jejunum morphology in broiler chickens.
Materials and methods: A total of 360 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated in a completely randomized design with a 3×2 factorial arrangement. These factors included three levels of hydroalcoholic tarragon extract (0, 200, and 400 mg/kg diet) and two levels of vitamin E (0 and 100 mg/kg diet), resulting in six experimental treatments. Each treatment comprised five replicates, with 12 birds per replicate. The birds were fed three dietary phases: starter (days 0-10), grower (days 11-24), and finisher (days 25-42). Throughout the trial, body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded. At the end of the 42-day trial, two birds per replicate were euthanized for sample collection. Blood samples were obtained for biochemical analysis, and the relative weights of carcass components (e.g., liver, gizzard, and abdominal fat) were measured. Additionally, intestinal tissue samples (jejunum) were collected for morphological assessment. Data were analyzed using the general linear model (GLM) procedure in SAS (version 9.4). Significant differences between treatment means were determined using the Tukey-Kramer test at a 5% probability level (P<0.05).
Results and discussion: The analysis revealed that the inclusion of 400 mg/kg hydroalcoholic tarragon extract without vitamin E significantly increased feed intake and FCR while reducing body weight compared to the control and the treatment containing 100 mg/kg vitamin E (P<0.05). Birds fed a diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg tarragon extract combined with 100 mg/kg vitamin E exhibited lower abdominal fat content and higher relative weights of the bursa of Fabricius and spleen compared to the control group (P<0.05). Morphological assessment of the jejunum demonstrated enhanced villus height, villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, and absorptive surface area in chickens receiving the 400 mg/kg tarragon extract and 100 mg/kg vitamin E diet compared to the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, serum biochemical indices revealed that the control group had significantly higher concentration of cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared to the treatment group supplemented with 400 mg/kg tarragon extract and 100 mg/kg vitamin E (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that supplementing diets with 400 mg/kg hydroalcoholic tarragon extract alone exerts adverse effects on growth performance indices. However, the combined supplementation of 400 mg/kg tarragon extract and 100 mg/kg vitamin E demonstrates synergistic benefits, including enhanced growth performance, intestinal morphology, reduced blood lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL) in broiler chickens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Immune response
  • Tarragon
  • Broiler
  • Performance
  • Intestine morphology

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تحقیقات تولیدات دامی
دوره 15، شماره 1
فروردین 1405
صفحه 57-70

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