اثر مقادیر مختلف کلریدپتاسیم و کلریدآمونیوم صنعتی بر عملکرد و برخی از فراسنجه‌های خونی و ایمنی جوجه‌های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه تهران و عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قم

3 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

4 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه شهرکرد و عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قم

چکیده

آزمایشی به منظور بررسی اثرات استفاده از کلریدآمونیوم (NH4Cl) و کلریدپتاسیم (KCl) صنعتی در جیره دوره رشد (22 تا 42 روزگی) جوجه‌های گوشتی نر در شرایط تنش گرمایی تابستان استان قم (دمای 23 تا 41 درجة سانتی‌گراد) انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 10 تیمار و 4 تکرار و 19 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر در هر تکرار اجرا شد. جوجه‌ها به مدت 21 روز در شرایط یکسان پرورش داده شدند و سپس به قفس­های آزمایش منتقل شدند. تیمارها شامل شاهد بدون مکمل و سطوح 6/0 (6/0KCl)، 7/0 (7/0KCl)، 8/0 (8/0KCl) و 9/0 (9/0KCl) درصد KCl صنعتی و 3/0 (3/0NH4Cl)، 4/0 (4/0NH4Cl)، 5/0 (5/0NH4Cl)، 6/0 (6/0NH4Cl) و 7/0 (7/0NH4Cl) درصد NH4Cl صنعتی بودند. نتایج  نشان داد افزایش وزن در تیمارهای 9/0KCl (g 8/1330) و 7/0NH4Cl (g 6/1306) بیشتر از شاهد (g 1187) بود (05/0P<). ضریب تبدیل غذایی تیمار 6/0NH4Cl (57/1) کمتر از شاهد(78/1) بود (05/0P<). میزان هموگلوبین شاهد (19/10) کمتر از  تیمارهای 8/0KCl (g/dl 46/11) و 9/0KCl (g/dl 83/11) و 7/0NH4Cl (g/dl 36/11) بود (05/0P<). بیشترین درصد هماتوکریت در تیمارهای 6/0KCl (19/34)، 8/0KCl (95/34) و 9/0KCl (99/34) مشاهده شد (05/0P<). تیتر آنتی بادی ضد نیوکاسل در روز 32 پرورش در تیمار 9/0KCl (35/2) بیشتر از شاهد (37/1) بود (05/0P<). نتایج نشان داد که افزودن الکترولیت‌ها باعث کاهش اثرات منفی تنش گرمایی می‌شود و مقدار 8/0 و 9/0 درصد KCl بهترین نتایج را نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different levels of industrial potassium chloride and ammonium chloride in diets on some blood and immunological parameters of broilers under heat stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • J. Salary 1
  • M. Yeganeparast 2
  • F. Sahebi Ala 3
  • M. Kalantar Nistanaki 4
1 Graduated MSc student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran
2 Graduated MSc student, Department of Animal Science, University of Tehran and Scientific Board Member of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Qom Province, Iran
3 Ph.D student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
4 Ph.D student, Department of Animal Science, Shahrekord University and Scientific Board Member of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Qom Province, Iran
چکیده [English]

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of industrial potassium chloride (NH4Cl) and ammonium chloride (KCl) inclusion in grower male broiler chicken diets (22 to 42 d) under heat stress of summer (23 to 41°C) in Qom province. Experiment was performed as completely randomized design with 10 treatments and 4 replicates of 8 chickens in each. Chickens were raised in controlled condition during 21 days and transferred to experimental cages. Treatments were consisted of control without supplementation or the levels of 0.6 (KCl0.6), 0.7 (KCl0.7), 0.8 (KCl0.8) and 0.9 (KCl0.9) from industrial KCl and 0.3 (NH4Cl0.3), 0.4 (NH4Cl0.4), 0.5 (NH4Cl0.5), 0.6 (NH4Cl0.6) and 0.7 (NH4Cl0.7) from industrial NH4Cl. The results showed that weight gain of treatments KCl0.9 (1330.8 g) and NH4Cl0.7 (1306.6 g) was greater than control (1187 g) (P < 0.05). Feed conversion ratio of treatment NH4Cl0.6 (1.57) was lower than control (1.78) (P < 0.05). Hemoglobin of control (10.19 g/dl) was lower than treatments KCl0.8 (11.46 g/dl),KCl0.9 (11.83 g/dl) and NH4Cl0.7 (11.36 g/dl)(P < 0.05). The greatest hematocrit percentage was observed in treatments KCl0.6 (34.19), KCl0.8 (34.95) and KCl0.9 (34.19) (P < 0.05). Antibody titer against Newcastle disease in KCl0.9 (2.35) was greater than control (1.37) (P < 0.05). The results showed that the addition of electrolytes in diets resulted in reduce negative effects of heat stress and amounts of 0.8 and 0.9 % KCl lead to best results.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heat Stress
  • Broiler
  • Ammonium chloride
  • potassium chloride

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