اثر تغذیه قارچ خوراکی و گیاه مرزه بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی و سیستم ایمنی بلدرچین ژاپنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استاد گروه علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 استادیار گروه علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر قارچ خوراکی و مرزه بر عملکرد و قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی و پاسخ­های ایمنی هومورال از 120 قطعه بلدرچین ژاپنی یک روزه در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 6 تیمار آزمایشی، 4 تکرار و 5 قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار استفاده شد. طول دوره پرورش پنج هفته بود. گروه­های آزمایشی شامل: شاهد (بدون افزودنی غذایی)، آنتی‌بیوتیک ویرجینیامایسین (ppm 15)، قارچ خوراکی و گیاه مرزه، هرکدام در دو سطح (10 و 20 گرم بر کیلوگرم) بودند. شاخص‌های عملکرد به صورت هفتگی اندازه‌گیری و برای کل دوره گزارش شد. به منظور بررسی پاسخ ایمنی هومورال، 2/0 میلی‌لیتر سوسپانسیون گلبول قرمز گوسفند در 28 روزگی تزریق و تعیین عیار پادتن تولید شده به روش هماگلوتیناسیون در 35 روزگی انجام شد. همچنین واکسن نیوکاسل B1 در سن 21 روزگی برای همه پرنده‌ها استفاده شد و دو هفته بعد تیتر آنتی‌بادی تعیین شد. جهت تعیین قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی، دو گرم اکسید تیتانیوم در کیلوگرم خوراک به عنوان نشانگر خارجی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد وزن بدن در پایان دوره و افزایش وزن بدن تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت (05/0<P). مصرف 1 درصد قارچ خوراکی و سطوح 1 (1/661 گرم) و 2 (8/589 گرم) درصد مرزه موجب افزایش مصرف خوراک در مقایسه با گروه شاهد شد (05/0P<). قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت (05/0<P). مطابق نتایج این بررسی، مکمل سازی خوراک بلدرچین با سطوح 1 و 2 درصد قارچ خوراکی و مرزه، اثر مثبتی بر عملکرد و قابلیت هضم ظاهری خوراک نداشت، اما افزودن 2 درصد قارچ خوراکی، موجب افزایش تولید پادتن علیه آنتی ژن گلبول قرمز گوسفند در مقایسه با گروه شاهد و آنتی بیوتیک شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of feeding edible mushroom and savory on performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and immune responses of Japanese quails

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Shaykhi 1
  • F. Shariatmadari 2
  • M. A. Karimi-Torshizi 3
1 MSc Student, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Tarbiat Modarres University. Tehran. Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Tarbiat Modarres University. Tehran. Iran
3 Assiatant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Tarbiat Modarres University. Tehran. Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of edible mushroom and savory on performance and nutrients apparent digestibility and humoral immune responses 120 one-day old Japanese quail chick were used in a completely randomized design, with 6 experimental treatments, 4 replications and 5 chicks per replicate. Rearing period lasted for 5 weeks. Experimental groups were: control (with no additives), antibiotic virginiamycin (15 ppm), edible mushroom and savory, each one in 2 levels (10 and 20 g/kg). Production indices were measured weekly and were reported for entire period. In order to study the humoral immune response, 0.2 ml of Sheep Red Blood Cell (SRBC) suspension was injected on day 28 of age and antibody titers were determined by hemaglutination assay on day 35. Also Newcastle vaccine B1 was used on day 21 for all birds and antibody titers were measured 2 weeks after vaccination. In order to measure the apparent digestibility of feed nutrients, 2 g of TiO2 per kg of feed, as an exotic marker, was used. Results showed that final body weight and body weight gain were not affected significantly by experimental treatments (P>0.05). Usage of 1% edible mushroom in diet and 1 (661.1 g) and 2% (589.9 g) of savory increased feed intake in comparison with control group (P<0.05). Nutrient apparent digestibility was not affected by experimental treatments (P>0.05). Based on the results of this experiment, supplementation of Japanese quail’s feed with 1 and 2% of edible mushroom and savory had no positive effect on performance and feed apparent digestibility, but 2% of edible mushroom increased antibody titers against SRBC in comparison with antibiotic and control groups.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • digestibility
  • Edible mushroom
  • Immune System
  • Performance
  • Quail
  • Savory

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