ارزیابی ژنتیکی گاوهای هلشتاین ایران برای صفت پروتئین شیر با دو مدل روز آزمون با تابعیت ثابت و تصادفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد

2 عضو هیأت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند

3 عضو هیأت علمی مرکز اصلاح دام کشور

چکیده

در این تحقیق، از دو مدل روز آزمون با تابعیت­ ثابت و تصادفی برای ارزیابی ژنتیکی صفت پروتئین شیر در گاوهای هلشتاین ایران استفاده شد. داده­های مورد استفاده در این تحقیق شامل 250911 رکورد روز آزمون پروتئین شیر متعلق به 28737 رأس گاو شکم اول (سه بار دوشش) در 396 گله بود که در طی سال های 1378 تا 1387 زایش داشتند. اطلاعات مذکور توسط مرکز اصلاح نژاد دام ایران جمع­آوری شده بود. در مدل روز آزمون با تابعیت ثابت، اثر ثابت گله- سال رکوردگیری- فصل تولید- نوع اسپرم (HYSC)، متغیرهای کمکی درصد ژن هلشتاین، سن گاو هنگام رکوردگیری، روز شیردهی (تا توان 3)، اثرات تصادفی ژنتیکی افزایشی و محیط دائمی حیوان، و در مدل روز آزمون با تابعیت تصادفی، اثرات HYSC، سن رکوردگیری، درصد ژن هلشتاین، و برای در نظر گرفتن شکل منحنی شیردهی از چند جمله­ای­های متعامد لژاندر (تا توان 3) استفاده گردید. از روش حداکثر درست­نمایی محدود شده برای برآورد اجزای واریانس و کواریانس استفاده شد. واریانس ژنتیکی افزایشی، محیط دائمی و فنوتیپی از ابتدا به انتهای شیردهی افزایش داشت. میانگین وراثت پذیری­های برآورد شده با مدل روز آزمون با تابعیت ثابت 07/0 و با تابعیت تصادفی104/0 برآورد شد. روند ژنتیکی برای صفت پروتئین 305 روز با مدل روز آزمون با تابعیت تصادفی 64/410 گرم در سال و با مدل روز آزمون با تابعیت ثابت 16/124 گرم در سال برآورد شد. بین میانگین ارزش اصلاحی پیش­بینی شده توسط دو مدل مذکور، اختلاف معنی­داری (0001/0>P) وجود داشت. همبستگی ارزش­های اصلاحی پیش­بینی شده برای گاوهای دارای رکورد توسط دو مدل تابعیت تصادفی و تابعیت ثابت به روش پیرسون 926/0 و با روش اسپیرمن 915/0 برآورد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic evaluation of cows for milk protein yield trait using fixed and random regression test day models

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Jafari Torbaghan 1
  • H. Farhangfar 2
  • M. Bashtani 2
  • B. Mohammad Nazari 3
  • H. Sarir 2
1 M.Sc. Student, Animal Science Department, Birjand University
2 Associate Professor, Animal Science Department, Birjand University
3 M.Sc. Expert, Animal Breeding Centre, Karaj
چکیده [English]

In this research, fixed and random regression test day models were utilized for genetic evaluation of protein test day
trait in Iranian Holsteins cows. The data set was consisted of 250,911 protein test day records belonging to 28,737
first lactation cows (three times a day milking) in 396 herds which calved between 1998 and 2008. The data were
collected by Animal Breeding Centre of Iran. In fixed regression test day model, fixed effect of herd-recording yearproduction
season-sperm type (HYSC), covariables of Holstein gene percentage, age at recording, days in milk (up
to order 3), random effects of additive genetic and permanent environment were included. In the random regression
test day model, HYSC, the covariables, and orthogonal Legendre polynomials (up to order 3) were included.
Variance and covariance components were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood procedure. Additive
genetic, permanent environment as well as phenotypic variances increased from the beginning towards the end of the
lactation course. Heritability estimate obtained from fixed regression model was 0. 07 and the average heritability
estimate obtained from random regression test day model was found to be 0. 104. Genetic trend for 305-d protein
yield trait with random regression test day model 410. 64 g per year and with fixed test day model 124. 16 g per year
was estimated. There was a significant difference between the models in terms of average predicted breeding value
(P<0.0001). For cows with records, Pearson and Spearman correlations between breeding values predicted by
random regression model and fixed regression model were found to be 0. 926 and 0. 915, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Milk protein
  • Holstein cow
  • Test day model
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