شناسایی چندشکلی آلل‌های اگزون دو از ژن BoLA-DRB3 در جمعیت گاوهای هلشتاین ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه میکروبیولوژی دامپزشکی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تهران

2 دستیار تخصصی گروه میکروبیولوژی دامپزشکی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

مجتمع اصلی سازگاری نسجی (MHC) شامل گروهی از ژن­ها است که نقش مهمی را در پاسخ­های ایمنی داشته و به سه دسته MHC کلاس 1 و 2 و 3 تقسیم می­شوند. در گاو  MHCیا سیستم آنتی­ژن لنفوسیتی به نام BoLA شناخته می شود و روی کروموزوم 23 قرار دارد. ژن‌های اگزون 2 از ژنBoLA-DRB3 ( 2.(BoLA-DRB3بخشی از MHC کلاس 2 در گاو است که تنوع بسیار بالایی داشته و آلل‌های آن با مقاومت و حساسیت به بیماری‌ها و همچنین با خصوصیات باروری، رشد و تولید شیر در گاو مرتبط هستند. در این مطالعه چند شکلی 2.BoLA-DRB3 به وسیله روش PCR-RFLP روی 350 نمونه خون گاو هلشتاین ایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پس از استخراج DNA از نمونه‌های خون کامل 2.BoLA-DRB3به وسیله روش Seminested PCR افزوده سازی شد و محصولات PCR به وسیله آنزیم‌های محدود الاثر  RsaI, PsuIو HaeIII برش داده شدند. در مجموع 18 الگوی متفاوت در برش‌های آنزیمی مشاهده شد. با تحلیل الگوهای برش آنزیمی، 48 آلل متفاوت و در این بین 9 آلل جدید در جمعیت مورد مطالعه شناسایی شدند. در تحلیل جمعیتی، فراوانی آلل‌ها و ژنوتیپ‌ها، میزان هوموزیگوتی و هتروزیگوتی مورد انتظار و مشاهده شده سنجیده شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان دهنده چند شکلی بالای 2.BoLA-DRB3است. همچنین در مقایسه، فراوانی آلل‌های مستعد کننده به بیماری لکوز بیش از تب برفکی، ورم پستان و برخی بیماری‌های انگلی بود. شایان ذکر است که فراوانی آلل‌های مفید در صفات تولید شیر نیز مشابه با سایر جمعیت‌های بررسی شده بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Allelic polymorphism in exon 2 of the BoLA-DRB3 gene in Iranian Holstein cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gh. Nikbakht 1
  • M. M. Ranjbar 2
  • F. Ghasemi 2
  • F. Asadian 2
1 Protessor, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Resident in department of microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of vertebrates comprises a group of genes, which plays a central role
in immune response and includes MHC- class I, II and III. The bovine MHC system is known as BoLA and its
corresponding genes are located on chromosome 23. The BoLA-DRB3.2 genes are part of the MHC class II in
cattle. These genes are highly polymorphic, found to be associated with resistance/susceptibility to infections and
also with fertility, growth and milk production parameters. Polymorphism of exon 2 of the BoLA-DRB3 gene was
detected by the PCR-RFLP method in 350 Iranian Holstein cattle. After DNA extraction, second exon of BOLADRB3
was amplified by the seminested PCR method. The fragments produced by amplifying second exon were cut
by three enzymes, RsaI, PsuI and HaeIII. In restriction fragment analysis 18, 5 and 6 different allelic patterns were
observed for RsaI, PsuI and HaeIII restriction enzymes, respectively. In total, 48 different alleles were detected
where
 
٩ out of 48 alleles were previously unreported. Allelic frequencies, genotype frequencies, expected and
observed homozygosty and heterozygosity were calculated. The other step was evaluating the frequencies of alleles
mediating resistance and susceptibility to Bovine leukosis(BLV), Foot and mouth disease (FMD), mastitis and
somatic cell count (SCC), Cystic ovarian disease, some parasitic infections and increasing or decreasing milk
production traits. The result of this study indicates that the exon 2 region of BoLA-DRB3 gene is highly
polymorphic in the Iranian Holstein cattle. Also the high presence of alleles that are sensitive to BLV, mastitis, FMD
and to some extent tick borne disease was a remarkable point. Alleles associated with susceptibility to BLV were
most frequent. Frequency of alleles associated with milk production traits was similar to previous studied
populations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iranian
  • Holstein cow
  • PCR-RFLP
  • BoLA-DRB3.2
  • MHC

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