تأثیر سطوح مختلف اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 بر عملکرد مرغ های تخم گذار در شرایط تنش فیزیولوژیکی القاء شده با دگزامتازون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه طیور، گروه علوم دام و طیور، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دام و طیور، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم دام و طیور، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

تاثیر اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 بر عملکرد و صفات فیزیکی تخم­مرغ در مرغ­های تخم­گذار در شرایط تنش فیزیولوژیکی با استفاده از 96 قطعه مرغ تخم­گذار لوهمن سفید (LSL-Lite) در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل2×3 با دو سطح تنش (تنش و بدون تنش) و سه سطح اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 (صفر، 24/0 و 48/0 درصد جیره) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به مدت 70 روز بررسی شد. از سن 35 تا40 هفتگی، پرندگان با جیره پایه به همراه سطوح مختلف اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 تغذیه شدند و در سن 41 هفتگی، تنش فیزیولوژیکی با استفاده از افزودن 5/1 میلی­گرم دگزامتازون در کیلوگرم جیره به مدت یک هفته القاء شد. سپس دگزامتازون از جیره حذف و پرندگان به مدت سه هفته دیگر با جیره­های قبل از تنش تغذیه شدند (دوره پس از تنش). درصد تولید، مصرف خوراک، توده­ تخم­مرغ و همچنین صفات فیزیکی تخم­مرغ در دوره­های تنش و بعد از آن بررسی شدند. در دوره تنش، درصد تولید تخم­مرغ، وزن و توده تخم­مرغ و ضخامت پوسته کاهش و ضریب تبدیل خوراک افزایش یافت (05/0p <). مصرف خوراک پرندگان متحمل تنشی که با جیره­های حاوی سطوح مختلف اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 تغذیه شدند، کمتر بود (05/0p <). کمترین شاخص زرده مربوط به پرندگان متحمل تنش تغذیه شده با سطوح 24/0 و 48/0 درصد اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 بود. در دوره پس از تنش، درصد تولید، توده تخم­مرغ و مصرف خوراک در پرندگان متحمل تنش، در مقایسه با پرندگان بدون تنش کمتر بود و ضریب تبدیل بالاتری داشتند (05/0p <). در این دوره، ضخامت پوسته تخم پرندگان متحمل تنشی که سطح 48/0 درصد اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 را دریافت کرده بودند، کمتر بود (05/0p <). به طور کلی، استفاده از اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 در مرغ­های تخم­گذار در شرایط تنش، با تشدید کاهش مصرف خوراک در این پرندگان می­تواند آثار زیان­بار تنش بر عملکرد تولید و کیفیت پوسته تخم­مرغ را افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of different levels of omega-3 fatty acids on the performance of laying hens under physiological stress induced by dexamethasone

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Berenjian 1
  • S. D. Sharifi 2
  • A. Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh 3
  • M. R. Bakhtiarizadeh 2
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

The effect of omega-3 fatty acids on performance and physical characteristics of eggs in laying hens under physiological stress was evaluated using 96 LSL-Lite layers in a 2 × 3 factorial experiment with two levels of stress (stress and non-stress) and three levels of omega-3 fatty acids (0, 0.24 and 0.48% of diet) in a completely randomized design for 70 days. From age of 35 to 40 weeks, birds were fed with basal diet and various levels of omega-3 fatty acids, at 41 weeks of age. Physiological stress was induced by adding 1.5 mg dexamethasone/kg of diet for one week. Dexamethasone was then removed from the diet and the birds were fed with pre-stressed diets for three weeks (post-stress period). Percentage of production, feed intake, egg mass, as well as physical traits of eggs in stress and post-stress periods were evaluated. During the stress period, the percentage of egg production, weight and egg mass, shell thickness decreased under stress while feed conversion ratio increased (p < /em><0.05). Feed intake of stressed birds fed diets containing different levels of omega-3 fatty acids was lower than other groups (p < /em><0.05). The lowest yolk index was observed in the stressed birds fed diets containing levels of 0.24 and 0.48 % omega-3 fatty acids. In the post-stress period, the egg production, egg mass, feed intake in birds that experienced stress was lower than non-stressed birds and had higher feed conversion ratio (p < /em><0.05). During this period, the shell thickness of the stressed birds receiving level of 0.48% of the omega-3 fatty acids was lower than other groups (p < /em><0.05). In general, the use of omega-3 fatty acids in stressed laying hens with the intensification of reduced feed intake can increase adverse effects of stress on the performance and egg quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Omega-3 fatty acids
  • Egg mass
  • Dexamethasone
  • Shell thickness
  • Performance
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