اثر هوازدگی علوفه قبل از سیلو کردن بر ترکیب شیمیایی، پایداری هوازی و جمعیت میکروبی قبل و پس از باز کردن سیلاژ ذرت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد تغذیه دام، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

2 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

3 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از انجام این مطالعه،  تعیین اثر نفوذ اکسیژن بر ترکیب شیمیایی و جمعیت میکروبی سیلاژ ذرت قبل و بعد از سیلو کردن علوفه کامل ذرت بود. تیمارهای آزمایشی بر اساس زمان هوازدگی پس از برداشت و قبل از پوشاندن سیلوهای آزمایشگاهی شامل: 1) سیلو کردن علوفه کامل ذرت بلافاصله پس از برداشت، 2) سیلو کردن علوفه کامل ذرت و عایق کردن آن، 24 ساعت پس از برداشت و 3) سیلو کردن علوفه کامل ذرت و عایق کردن آن، 64 ساعت پس از برداشت بودند. نتایج نشان داد تاخیر 24 ساعته در پوشاندن سیلوها فقط مقدار الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی را به­طور معنی­داری افزایش داد، در حالی که تاخیر 72 ساعته تاثیر معنی­داری بر ماده خشک و پروتئین خام داشت (05/0<‌P). پس از باز کردن سیلو­ها، یک روز تاخیر در عایق کردن سیلوها سبب افزایش معنی­دار جمعیت مخمرها شد و پروتئین خام را به­طور معنی­داری کاهش داد (05/0<‌P). 72 ساعت تاخیر در پوشاندن سیلو، به­طور معنی­داری بر مقدار pH، پروتئین خام، مخمر و نیتروژن آمونیاکی اثر گذاشت و بازیابی ماده خشک را به­صورت قابل توجهی (1/93 در مقابل 4/89 درصد) کاهش داد (05/0<‌P). تاخیر 24 ساعته در پوشاندن سیلوها تاثیر معنی­داری بر پایداری هوازی سیلوها نداشت، در حالی که 72 ساعت تاخیر در پوشاندن سیلوها پایداری هوازی (25/75 در مقابل 5/53 ساعت) را کاهش داد­­ (05/0<‌P). جمعیت مخمرها بیشترین حساسیت را در بین فراسنجه­های اندازه­گیری شده داشتند. همچنین، 72 ساعت تاخیر در پوشاندن سیلو تاثیر قابل توجهی بر پایداری هوازی سیلاژ ذرت داشت. به­طور کلی، تاخیر در پوشاندن سیلو به مدت یک یا سه روز بر خصوصیات شیمیایی و میکروبی سیلاژ تاثیر منفی داشت. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of aerobic exposure to forage before ensiling on the chemical composition, aerobic stability, and microbial population of corn silage before and after silage opening

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Toosi 1
  • J. BayatKouhsar 2
  • M. Vatandoost 3
  • F. Ghanbari 2
1 Former MSc Student of Animal Nutrition, Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Ganbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Ganbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to determine how delayed silo sealing at filling affects the chemical composition, fungal population, and dry matter recovery of maize silage. Whole crop maize silage was harvested and then ensiled using laboratory silos (n= 4) as 1) Control, ensiled immediately, 2) 24 hours later, and 3) 64 hours later. A 24 h aerobic exposure in fresh forage caused an increase (P<0.05) in NDF content, but 72 h aerobic exposure caused an increase (P<0.05) in dry matter and NDF content and a decrease (P<0.05) in CP content. A 72 h delay in sealing resulted in the lowest CP and the highest pH, yeast, and N-NH3 in silage. A delay in sealing caused an increase in yeast counts in silage (72 h; 3.90 vs. control; 3.05 CFU), and 72 h delayed sealing also resulted in lower (P<0.05) dry matter recovery rather than control silage (89.4% vs. 93.1% DM). Aerobic stability was adversely affected by 72 h delayed silo sealing (75.25 vs. 53.5 h). This study indicated that maize silage quality is affected by three days of delayed sealing and the fungal population and aerobic stability are affected particularly from aerobic exposure. This study indicated that maize silage quality is adversely affected by delayed sealing and aerobic exposure.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aerobic stability
  • Maize silage
  • Mold
  • Yeast
  • Aerobic exposure

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تحقیقات تولیدات دامی
دوره 10، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 89-99

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